# Generalizing Makefiles for All Occasions

- Rules are bad,
- standards are good,
- habits are better.

***

# General Standards

- `make help`
- `make check`
- `sudo make install`

**NB:** we separate `make` from `make install` so that the files are not build with the user `root` as the owner.

***

# Service Standards

- `make backup.tgz`
- `make install`

## Service Backups in Two Files

- `configs`: configuration files, all tracked in git.
- `store`: passwords and binary files, not tracked in git.

## New Abilities Unlocked

- Open Access Administration.
- Sharing admin configs with hacker spaces.

***

## BEHOLD: The Everything Makefile

***

```make
CONFIGS = $(patsubst /%,%,$(shell cat configs))
STORE = $(patsubst /%,%,$(shell cat store))
CP = mkdir -p $(dir $@) && cp -a
IGNORE_FILE = $(shell test -d .git/info && echo .git/info/exclude || echo .gitignore)
GIT_COMMIT = git commit -m"add $@" --no-gpg-sign --no-signoff
SELECTOR != command -v sk || command -v fzy || command -f fzf
.PHONY: all
all: init backup.tgz $(IGNORE_FILE)
backup.tgz: $(CONFIGS) $(STORE)
	tar czf $@ $^
$(IGNORE_FILE): store
	echo $(STORE) backup.tgz | tr ' ' '\n' > $@
.PHONY: init
init: configs store
configs store:
	while con="$$(find /var /etc/ /sys/ -maxdepth 2 -mindepth 1 -type f 2>/dev/null  | $(SELECTOR) -p "Select files for $@\nPress Ctrl+d once done")"; do \
	echo "$$con"; \
	done > $@
$(CONFIGS): %: /%
	$(CP) $< $@
	git add $@
	$(GIT_COMMIT)
	$(info made git commit for $@)
$(STORE): %: /%
	$(CP) $< $@
clean:
	$(RM) -r $(CONFIGS) $(STORE) backup.tgz
```

***

## Example: Soft Serve Makefile

<br>
The `configs` file:

```
/etc/soft-serve.conf
/var/lib/soft-serve/data/config.yaml
/var/lib/soft-serve/data/file
/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/soft.dmz.rs
/etc/nginx/sites-available/soft.dmz.rs
```

<br>
The `store` file:

```
/var/lib/soft-serve/data/lfs
/var/lib/soft-serve/data/repo
/var/lib/soft-serve/data/soft
/etc/letsencrypt/archive/soft
/etc/letsencrypt/live/soft.dm
/var/lib/soft-serve/data/ssh/
```

***

# Other Build Systems

> "*What if I want to use this other thing, instead of a makefile?"

***

# Other Build Systems (Sans Heresy)

> "*What if I want to use this other thing, instead of a makefile?"

- Easy: just use a Makefile.


```make

[ ... ]

public/: src/
    python build_pages.py
```