edit metadata

system/partitions.md

@@ -2,10 +2,12 @@
 title: "partitions"
 tags: [ "System" ]
 ---
+
 # FDisk Basics
 
-```bash
-sudo fdisk /dev/sda
+```sh
+su root
+fdisk /dev/sda
 ```
 
 - m for help.
@@ -31,20 +33,20 @@ fdisk will not help with a GPT formatted drive.  For this, use gdisk, which is m
 
 Now that we have a partition, we can make it into a fileSystem.  Most will use:
 
-```bash
-sudo mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdc1
+```sh
+mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdc1
 ```
 
 or if you're making a swap partition, you can use:
 
-```bash
-sudo mkswap /dev/sdb2
+```sh
+mkswap /dev/sdb2
 ```
 
 or for the reiser fileSystem, we can use:
 
-```bash
-sudo mkreiserfs /dev/sdc2
+```sh
+mkreiserfs /dev/sdc2
 ```
 
 # File System Types
@@ -61,86 +63,86 @@ sudo mkreiserfs /dev/sdc2
 
 # Parted
 
-```bash
-sudo parted /dev/sdb
+```sh
+parted /dev/sdb
 ```
 
 
 # Monitoring
 Look at physical and virtual partitions:
 
-```bash
+```sh
 df -h
 ```
 
 or  divide things by inode - the thing which records where files are?
 
-```bash
+```sh
 df -i
 ```
 
 Examine a fileSystem with:
 
-```bash
-sudo dumpe2fs /dev/sda1 | less
+```sh
+dumpe2fs /dev/sda1 | less
 ```
 
 # Prevention
 There are multiple programs which work mostly the same way.
 
-```bash
-sudo tune2fs -c 30 /dev/sda1
+```sh
+tune2fs -c 30 /dev/sda1
 ```
 
 This will check sda1 every 30 boots.  It can also be checked every month.
 
-```bash
-sudo tune2fs -i 1m /dev/sda1
+```sh
+tune2fs -i 1m /dev/sda1
 ```
 
 This thing can also make a new label for the System:
 
-```bash
-sudo tune2fs -L new_name /dev/sdb3
+```sh
+tune2fs -L new_name /dev/sdb3
 ```
 
 # Repair
 Start by unmounting the fileSystem.
 
-```bash
-sudo umount /dev/sdc1
+```sh
+umount /dev/sdc1
 ```
 
 Then it's time to check. 
 
-```bash
-sudo fsck /dev/sdc1
+```sh
+fsck /dev/sdc1
 ```
 
 And possibly repair damage:
 
-```bash
+```sh
 e2fsck -p /dev/sdc1
 ```
 
 
 or the same with:
 
-```bash
-sudo debugfs /dev/sdc1
+```sh
+debugfs /dev/sdc1
 ```
 
 # Mounting
 You can mount with a specified filetype with:
 
-```bash
-sudo mount -t ext3 /dev/sdc2 /mnt/stick
+```sh
+mount -t ext3 /dev/sdc2 /mnt/stick
 ```
 
 or if you don't know the type, just try the lot:
 
-```bash
-sudo mount -a /dev/sdc1 /mnt/stick
+```sh
+mount -a /dev/sdc1 /mnt/stick
 ```
 
 # File Systems
@@ -152,35 +154,35 @@ NB: When I followed these instructions, the process destroyed my data. Seemed fi
 
 Check the fileSystem's health:
 
-```bash
-sudo e2fsck -f /dev/sdb1
+```sh
+e2fsck -f /dev/sdb1
 ```
 
 Resize the file System to something smaller than what you want, so here I want 500G and so I resize to 450 G.
 
-```bash
+```sh
 resize2fs /dev/sdb1 450G
 ```
 
 Then delete the partition with either gdisk or fdisk, depending upon the layout.
 
-```bash
-sudo fdisk /dev/sdb
+```sh
+fdisk /dev/sdb
 ```
 
-```bash
+```sh
 d
 ```
 
 Then make a new fileSystem of the desired type with:
 
-```bash
+```sh
 n
 ```
 
 And finally resize to the full size you want:
 
-sudo resize2fs /dev/sdb1
+resize2fs /dev/sdb1
 
 And then check your disk again with e2fsck.
 
@@ -193,20 +195,18 @@ Let's start with names.  PV = 'Physical Volume', VG = 'Volume Group', and LV = '
 
 Now we can create a volume group out of sdb2 and sdc3:
 
-```bash
-sudo vgcreate my-new-vg /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdc3
+```sh
+vgcreate my-new-vg /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdc3
 ```
 
 Then make a new logical volume out of the volume group:
 
-```bash
-sudo lvcreate -n my-new-lv my-new-vg
+```sh
+lvcreate -n my-new-lv my-new-vg
 ```
 
 Then have a look at all logical volumes:
 
-```bash
-sudo lvscan
+```sh
+lvscan
 ```
-
-