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parent
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---
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---
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title: "at"
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title: "at"
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tags: [ "Basics" ]
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tags: [ "Basics", "time" ]
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---
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---
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Install with:
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Install with:
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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
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---
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---
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title: "clock"
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title: "clock"
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tags: [ "Basics" ]
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tags: [ "Basics", "time" ]
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---
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---
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Show system time:
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Show system time:
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---
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---
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title: "cron"
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title: "cron"
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tags: [ "Basics" ]
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tags: [ "Basics", "time" ]
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---
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---
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# Cronie
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# Cronie
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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
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---
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---
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title: "locale"
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title: "locale"
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tags: [ "Basics" ]
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tags: [ "Basics", "time" ]
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---
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---
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Your locale tells the computer your location, preferred time-and-date format, standard language, papersize, et c.
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Your locale tells the computer your location, preferred time-and-date format, standard language, papersize, et c.
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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
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---
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---
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title: "time"
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title: "time"
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tags: [ "Basics" ]
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tags: [ "Basics", "time" ]
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---
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---
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# systemd
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# systemd
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@ -5,25 +5,25 @@ tags: [ "Chat" ]
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See available pastebins:
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See available pastebins:
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```bash
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```sh
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wgetpaste -S
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wgetpaste -S
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```
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```
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Upload script.sh to bpaste:
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Upload script.sh to bpaste:
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```bash
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```sh
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wgetpaste -s bpaste script.sh
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wgetpaste -s bpaste script.sh
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```
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```
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Input clipboard to dpaste with the heading "Title"
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Input clipboard to dpaste with the heading "Title"
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```bash
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```sh
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wgetpaste -s dpaste -d Title -x
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wgetpaste -s dpaste -d Title -x
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```
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```
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Paste in the file then load the result to the right-hand clipboard:
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Paste in the file then load the result to the right-hand clipboard:
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```bash
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```sh
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wgetpaste -s dpaste -X
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wgetpaste -s dpaste -X
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```
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```
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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
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---
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---
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title: "Archives"
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title: "Archives"
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tags: [ "tar", "backups" ]
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tags: [ "tar", "backups", ".tgz", "tar.gz" ]
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---
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---
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# `tar`
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# `tar`
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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
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---
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---
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title: "unison"
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title: "unison"
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tags: [ "Backups" ]
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tags: [ "Backups", "synch" ]
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---
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---
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Install unison on both machines, and make sure both have the same version of unison, with the same version of the ocaml compiler (the smallest difference will cause problems).
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Install unison on both machines, and make sure both have the same version of unison, with the same version of the ocaml compiler (the smallest difference will cause problems).
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@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
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---
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---
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title: "PDF Metadata Erasure"
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title: "PDF Metadata Erasure"
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tags: [ "Metadata", "Ghost Script" ]
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tags: [ "Metadata", "Ghost Script", "gs", ".pdf" ]
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---
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---
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You cannot erase pdf metadata with `exiftool` (it only *appends* your changes).
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To delete pdf metadata, you'll need `gs`.
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Make a text file called 'pdfmark.txt'.
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Make a text file called 'pdfmark.txt'.
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---
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---
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title: "sc-im"
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title: "sc-im"
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tags: [ "TUI", "data" ]
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tags: [ "TUI", "data", "spreadsheet", ".csv" ]
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---
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---
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- [Sample file](sc-im/sample.sc)
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- [Sample file](sc-im/sample.sc)
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---
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---
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title: "Soft Serve through https"
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title: "Soft Serve through https"
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tags: [ "data", "git", "lfs" ]
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tags: [ "data", "git server", "lfs" ]
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---
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---
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## `http` Setup
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## `http` Setup
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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
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---
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---
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title: "timew"
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title: "timewarrior"
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tags: [ "Data" ]
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tags: [ "Data", "tracking", "time", "timew" ]
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---
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---
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# Summaries
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# Summaries
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@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ tags: [ "networking", "ssh", "android" ]
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3. Open fdroid, and run:
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3. Open fdroid, and run:
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```bash
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```sh
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pkg upgrade
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pkg upgrade
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pkg install busybox termux-services openssh openssh-sftp-server
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pkg install busybox termux-services openssh openssh-sftp-server
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source $PREFIX/etc/profile.d/start-services.sh
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source $PREFIX/etc/profile.d/start-services.sh
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Update font-cache:
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Update font-cache:
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```bash
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```sh
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su root
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fc-cache
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fc-cache
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```
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```
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List fonts:
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List fonts:
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```bash
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```sh
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fc-list
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fc-list
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```
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```
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Grab the part of the font name you need for Xresources:
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Grab the part of the font name you need for Xresources:
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```bash
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```sh
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fc-list | cut -d: -f2
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fc-list | cut -d: -f2
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```
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```
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Messed up a package's configuration files?
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Messed up a package's configuration files?
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```bash
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```sh
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sudo apt-get purge [thing]
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sudo apt-get purge [thing]
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```
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```
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```bash
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```sh
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sudo apt autoremove
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sudo apt autoremove
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```
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```
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Check if you still have related things:
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Check if you still have related things:
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```bash
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```sh
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apt search [thing]
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apt search [thing]
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```
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```
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```bash
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```sh
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sudo apt-get install [ thing ]
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sudo apt-get install [ thing ]
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```
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```
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Still have problems?
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Still have problems?
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```bash
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```sh
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sudo dpgk --force-confmiss -i /var/cache/apt/archives/[thing]
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sudo dpgk --force-confmiss -i /var/cache/apt/archives/[thing]
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```
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```
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@ -4,15 +4,21 @@ tags: [ "Void" ]
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---
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---
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Put your device in 'aeroplane' mode (e.g. where no trace of signal leaves it) by turning off Wi-Fi and blue-tooth.
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Put your device in 'aeroplane' mode (e.g. where no trace of signal leaves it) by turning off Wi-Fi and blue-tooth.
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> sudo sv stop wpa_supplicant bluetoothd
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```sh
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su root
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sv stop wpa_supplicant bluetoothd
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```
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Find your device's name with `ip a`.
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Find your device's name with `ip a`.
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If unsure, try this:
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If unsure, try this:
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> name=$(ip a | grep -Eo 'wlp\w{3}')
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```sh
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name=$(ip a | grep -Eo 'wlp\w{3}')
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> echo $name
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echo $name
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```
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Then set that device down:
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Then set that device down:
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> sudo ip link set $name down
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```sh
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ip link set $name down
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```
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---
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---
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Monitor all processes:
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Monitor all processes:
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```bash
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```sh
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extrace
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extrace
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```
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```
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Monitor one process:
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Monitor one process:
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```bash
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```sh
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extrace ls
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extrace ls
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```
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```
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Monitor a script:
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Monitor a script:
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```bash
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```sh
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./script.sh | extrace
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./script.sh | extrace
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```
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```
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@ -9,16 +9,17 @@ Jenkins is janky.
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## Start
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## Start
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Start the service file.
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Start the service file.
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```bash
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```sh
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sudo ln -s /etc/sv/jenkins /var/service
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su root
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sudo sv start jenkins
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ln -s /etc/sv/jenkins /var/service
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sv start jenkins
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```
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```
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Then visit the web interface with `$BROWSER localhost:8080`.
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Then visit the web interface with `$BROWSER localhost:8080`.
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If it's not working, try running the command from the run file the first time:
|
If it's not working, try running the command from the run file the first time:
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||||||
|
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||||||
```bash
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```sh
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chpst -u jenkins java -jar /opt/jenkins/jenkins.war
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chpst -u jenkins java -jar /opt/jenkins/jenkins.war
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||||||
```
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```
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Check the current locales:
|
Check the current locales:
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|
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```bash
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```sh
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locale -a
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locale -a
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```
|
```
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|
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Add the languages you want by editing `/etc/default/libc-locales`, and uncommenting your choice:
|
Add the languages you want by editing `/etc/default/libc-locales`, and uncommenting your choice:
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||||||
|
|
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```bash
|
```sh
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#en_DK.UTF-8 UTF-8
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#en_DK.UTF-8 UTF-8
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#en_DK ISO-8859-1
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#en_DK ISO-8859-1
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en_GB.UTF-8 UTF-8
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en_GB.UTF-8 UTF-8
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@ -25,13 +25,14 @@ Now you can generate what you need for those languages.
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|||||||
However, instead of generating what you need, you're going to generate everything which needs updating:
|
However, instead of generating what you need, you're going to generate everything which needs updating:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
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||||||
sudo xbps-reconfigure glibc-locales
|
su root
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||||||
|
xbps-reconfigure glibc-locales
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Finally, select your chosen locale by placing it in `/etc/locale.conf`.
|
Finally, select your chosen locale by placing it in `/etc/locale.conf`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
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echo "LC_ALL=en_GB.UTF-8
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echo "LC_ALL=en_GB.UTF-8
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LANG=en_GB.UTF-8
|
LANG=en_GB.UTF-8
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LANGUAGE=en_GB.UTF-8" > /etc/locale.conf
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LANGUAGE=en_GB.UTF-8" > /etc/locale.conf
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@ -48,7 +49,7 @@ en_GB ISO-8859-1
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|||||||
Check your new locales are available:
|
Check your new locales are available:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
locale -a
|
locale -a
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
|||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
title: "brightness"
|
title: "brightness"
|
||||||
tags: [ "hardware" ]
|
tags: [ "hardware", "laptop" ]
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
# Brightness
|
# Brightness
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -4,9 +4,13 @@ tags: [ "hardware" ]
|
|||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
See screen size
|
See screen size
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
> xrandr -q
|
```sh
|
||||||
|
xrandr -q
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Automatically configure:
|
Automatically configure:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
> xrandr --auto
|
```sh
|
||||||
|
xrandr --auto
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ tags: [ "Sound" ]
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
Add your user to the audio group, and install `festival-english`.
|
Add your user to the audio group, and install `festival-english`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
echo "(Parameter.set 'Audio_Method 'Audio_Command)" >> /usr/share/festival/voices.scm
|
echo "(Parameter.set 'Audio_Method 'Audio_Command)" >> /usr/share/festival/voices.scm
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
echo "(Parameter.set 'Audio_Command "aplay -q -c 1 -t raw -f s16 -r $SR $FILE")" /usr/share/festival/voices.scm
|
echo "(Parameter.set 'Audio_Command "aplay -q -c 1 -t raw -f s16 -r $SR $FILE")" /usr/share/festival/voices.scm
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
|||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
title: "Makefiles"
|
title: "Makefiles"
|
||||||
tags: [ "system", "makefiles" ]
|
tags: [ "system", "make" ]
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The `make` system wants to know:
|
The `make` system wants to know:
|
||||||
@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ The `make` system wants to know:
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
Start with a basic test-area.
|
Start with a basic test-area.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
mkdir make_test ; cd $_
|
mkdir make_test ; cd $_
|
||||||
printf "%s:\n" README.md > Makefile
|
printf "%s:\n" README.md > Makefile
|
||||||
printf "\t%s\n" 'echo "Basic makefile example." > $@' >> Makefile
|
printf "\t%s\n" 'echo "Basic makefile example." > $@' >> Makefile
|
||||||
@ -32,8 +32,6 @@ README.md: Makefile
|
|||||||
echo '```' >> $@
|
echo '```' >> $@
|
||||||
cat $< >> $@
|
cat $< >> $@
|
||||||
echo '```' >> $@
|
echo '```' >> $@
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Note the order:
|
Note the order:
|
||||||
@ -92,7 +90,7 @@ $(storage_directory)/README.md: README.md
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
Now you can tell `make` to create the backup:
|
Now you can tell `make` to create the backup:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
make backups/README.md
|
make backups/README.md
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
|||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
title: "Makefile Graphs"
|
title: "Makefile Graphs"
|
||||||
tags: [ "system", "makefiles", "graph" ]
|
tags: [ "system", "make", "graph" ]
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If you have `graph-easy` (often in the package `perl-graph-easy` or similar), you can make a graph from the makefile with `make2graph` (the package is often called `makefile2graph`).
|
If you have `graph-easy` (often in the package `perl-graph-easy` or similar), you can make a graph from the makefile with `make2graph` (the package is often called `makefile2graph`).
|
||||||
|
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
|||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
title: "Makefiles"
|
title: "Makefiles"
|
||||||
tags: [ "system", "makefiles", "help" ]
|
tags: [ "system", "make", "help" ]
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Make your first target 'help' to give an overview of the main targets.
|
Make your first target 'help' to give an overview of the main targets.
|
||||||
|
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
title: "Makefile Patterns"
|
title: "Makefile Patterns"
|
||||||
tags: [ "system", "makefiles" ]
|
tags: [ "system", "make" ]
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Using the [basic example](../Makefile.md), you can make a complete backup of all backup files.
|
Using the [basic example](../Makefile.md), you can make a complete backup of all backup files.
|
||||||
@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ backups/backup.tgz: backups/backup_29.md backups/backup_30.md
|
|||||||
tar czf backups/backup.tgz backups/backup_29.md backups/backup_30.md
|
tar czf backups/backup.tgz backups/backup_29.md backups/backup_30.md
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The phony `backup` target should now point to this tar backup.
|
The phony `backup` target should now point to this tar backup.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
|||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
title: "awk"
|
title: "awk"
|
||||||
tags: [ "System" ]
|
tags: [ "System", ".csv" ]
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
# Basics
|
# Basics
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ There are a bunch of files:
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
Goal: swap the word "Column" for "Alice" in all files.
|
Goal: swap the word "Column" for "Alice" in all files.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```
|
```sh
|
||||||
IFS=$'\n'
|
IFS=$'\n'
|
||||||
for f in $(find . -name "Col*"); do
|
for f in $(find . -name "Col*"); do
|
||||||
mv "$f" $(echo "$f" | sed s/Column/Alice/)
|
mv "$f" $(echo "$f" | sed s/Column/Alice/)
|
||||||
|
@ -1,26 +1,24 @@
|
|||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
title: "character-encoding"
|
title: "character-encoding"
|
||||||
tags: [ "System" ]
|
tags: [ "System", "encoding" ]
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Convert a text file from one encoding type to another with:
|
Convert a text file from one encoding type to another with:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
iconv -f ascii -t utf8 oldfilename > newfilename
|
iconv -f ascii -t utf8 oldfilename > newfilename
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Available options are:
|
Available options are:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* ISO-8859-15
|
- ISO-8859-15
|
||||||
|
- UTF-8
|
||||||
* UTF-8
|
- ASCII
|
||||||
|
- Lots more
|
||||||
* ASCII
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* Lots more
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Generate a full list of encoding types available with:
|
Generate a full list of encoding types available with:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
iconv -l
|
iconv -l
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
|||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
title: "deduplicate"
|
title: "deduplicate"
|
||||||
tags: [ "system", "deduplicate", "duplicates", "maintenance" ]
|
tags: [ "system", "deduplicate", "maintenance", "storage" ]
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
`rdfind`: find duplicate files, then delete them, or turn them into links.
|
`rdfind`: find duplicate files, then delete them, or turn them into links.
|
||||||
|
@ -1,27 +1,24 @@
|
|||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
title: "$EDITOR"
|
title: "$EDITOR"
|
||||||
tags: [ "System" ]
|
tags: [ "system" ]
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
The System's default text editor can be defined within /etc/profile. It's given the variable `EDITOR`.
|
The System's default text editor can be defined within /etc/profile. It's given the variable `EDITOR`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Add these lines to `/etc/profile.d/local.sh`:
|
Add these lines to `/etc/profile.d/custom.sh`:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
export EDITOR=vim
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
export VISUAL=$EDITOR
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```sh
|
||||||
|
echo 'export EDITOR=vim' >> /etc/profile.d/custom.sh
|
||||||
|
echo 'export VISUAL=$EDITOR' >> /etc/profile.d/custom.sh
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Then reload that profile with:
|
Then reload that profile with:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
source /etc/profile
|
source /etc/profile
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If you want to ensure `nano` never appears again:
|
If you want to ensure `nano` never appears again:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo ln -sf $(which vim) $(which nano)
|
sudo ln -sf $(which vim) $(which nano)
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
|||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
title: "fstab"
|
title: "fstab"
|
||||||
tags: [ "System" ]
|
tags: [ "system", "disk" ]
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
# Basics
|
# Basics
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ Ignore this obsolete option.
|
|||||||
## 6: Pass
|
## 6: Pass
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
| Number | Meaning |
|
| Number | Meaning |
|
||||||
| | |
|
|:------:|:---------------------:|
|
||||||
| 0 | Swap (or not mounted) |
|
| 0 | Swap (or not mounted) |
|
||||||
| 1 | Mount at / |
|
| 1 | Mount at / |
|
||||||
| 2 | Mount somewhere else |
|
| 2 | Mount somewhere else |
|
||||||
@ -37,5 +37,5 @@ Ignore this obsolete option.
|
|||||||
## Options
|
## Options
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- `nofail` means the computer will not fail to boot, even if the drive fails, or is unplugged. It's a good option for everything except `/`.
|
- `nofail` means the computer will not fail to boot, even if the drive fails, or is unplugged. It's a good option for everything except `/`.
|
||||||
- noauto means 'don't mount on boot' (but you can still mount with `mount -a`).
|
- `noauto` means 'don't mount on boot' (but you can still mount with `mount -a`).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -1,41 +1,41 @@
|
|||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
title: "kernel"
|
title: "kernel"
|
||||||
tags: [ "System" ]
|
tags: [ "system" ]
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
Check which kernet modules are loaded into memory
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
Check which kernel modules are loaded into memory:
|
||||||
sudo /sbin/lsmod
|
|
||||||
|
```sh
|
||||||
|
su root
|
||||||
|
/sbin/lsmod
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Check which virtual box modules are loaded into memory
|
Check which virtual box modules are loaded into memory
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo /sbin/lsmod | grep vbox
|
/sbin/lsmod | grep vbox
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Virtual box is using vboxpci, vboxnetadp, vboxnetflt, vboxdr.
|
Virtual box is using vboxpci, vboxnetadp, vboxnetflt, vboxdr.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Look at what's claiming wifi:
|
Look at what's claiming wifi:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo lshw -C network
|
lshw -C network
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If this shows that the device is 'unclaimed' then it's time to add a module, e.g. ath9k.
|
If this shows that the device is 'unclaimed' then it's time to add a module, e.g. ath9k.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo modprobe ath9k
|
modprobe ath9k
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Modules can also be 'restarted' by removing and adding them, e.g. the video module, 'uvcvideo':
|
Modules can also be 'restarted' by removing and adding them, e.g. the video module, 'uvcvideo':
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo rmmod uvcvideo
|
rmmod uvcvideo
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo modprobe uvcvideo
|
modprobe uvcvideo
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
|||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
title: "lf - The Light File Manager"
|
title: "lf - The Light File Manager"
|
||||||
tags: [ "File Browser" ]
|
tags: [ "File Browser", "TUI" ]
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Config File
|
## Config File
|
||||||
|
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
|||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
title: "mdadm"
|
title: "mdadm"
|
||||||
tags: [ "RAID" ]
|
tags: [ "RAID", "disk" ]
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
# RAID5
|
# RAID5
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ Show memory usage in Gibitytes.
|
|||||||
```bash
|
```bash
|
||||||
free -g
|
free -g
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Show low and high gigibtye usage on a *l*ine, and repeat the measurement every 5 seconds:
|
Show low and high gigibtye usage on a *l*ine, and repeat the measurement every 5 seconds:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```bash
|
||||||
|
@ -2,10 +2,12 @@
|
|||||||
title: "partitions"
|
title: "partitions"
|
||||||
tags: [ "System" ]
|
tags: [ "System" ]
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# FDisk Basics
|
# FDisk Basics
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo fdisk /dev/sda
|
su root
|
||||||
|
fdisk /dev/sda
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- m for help.
|
- m for help.
|
||||||
@ -31,20 +33,20 @@ fdisk will not help with a GPT formatted drive. For this, use gdisk, which is m
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
Now that we have a partition, we can make it into a fileSystem. Most will use:
|
Now that we have a partition, we can make it into a fileSystem. Most will use:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdc1
|
mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdc1
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
or if you're making a swap partition, you can use:
|
or if you're making a swap partition, you can use:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo mkswap /dev/sdb2
|
mkswap /dev/sdb2
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
or for the reiser fileSystem, we can use:
|
or for the reiser fileSystem, we can use:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo mkreiserfs /dev/sdc2
|
mkreiserfs /dev/sdc2
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# File System Types
|
# File System Types
|
||||||
@ -61,86 +63,86 @@ sudo mkreiserfs /dev/sdc2
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
# Parted
|
# Parted
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo parted /dev/sdb
|
parted /dev/sdb
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Monitoring
|
# Monitoring
|
||||||
Look at physical and virtual partitions:
|
Look at physical and virtual partitions:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
df -h
|
df -h
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
or divide things by inode - the thing which records where files are?
|
or divide things by inode - the thing which records where files are?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
df -i
|
df -i
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Examine a fileSystem with:
|
Examine a fileSystem with:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo dumpe2fs /dev/sda1 | less
|
dumpe2fs /dev/sda1 | less
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Prevention
|
# Prevention
|
||||||
There are multiple programs which work mostly the same way.
|
There are multiple programs which work mostly the same way.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo tune2fs -c 30 /dev/sda1
|
tune2fs -c 30 /dev/sda1
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This will check sda1 every 30 boots. It can also be checked every month.
|
This will check sda1 every 30 boots. It can also be checked every month.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo tune2fs -i 1m /dev/sda1
|
tune2fs -i 1m /dev/sda1
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This thing can also make a new label for the System:
|
This thing can also make a new label for the System:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo tune2fs -L new_name /dev/sdb3
|
tune2fs -L new_name /dev/sdb3
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Repair
|
# Repair
|
||||||
Start by unmounting the fileSystem.
|
Start by unmounting the fileSystem.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo umount /dev/sdc1
|
umount /dev/sdc1
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Then it's time to check.
|
Then it's time to check.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo fsck /dev/sdc1
|
fsck /dev/sdc1
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
And possibly repair damage:
|
And possibly repair damage:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
e2fsck -p /dev/sdc1
|
e2fsck -p /dev/sdc1
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
or the same with:
|
or the same with:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo debugfs /dev/sdc1
|
debugfs /dev/sdc1
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Mounting
|
# Mounting
|
||||||
You can mount with a specified filetype with:
|
You can mount with a specified filetype with:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo mount -t ext3 /dev/sdc2 /mnt/stick
|
mount -t ext3 /dev/sdc2 /mnt/stick
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
or if you don't know the type, just try the lot:
|
or if you don't know the type, just try the lot:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo mount -a /dev/sdc1 /mnt/stick
|
mount -a /dev/sdc1 /mnt/stick
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# File Systems
|
# File Systems
|
||||||
@ -152,35 +154,35 @@ NB: When I followed these instructions, the process destroyed my data. Seemed fi
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
Check the fileSystem's health:
|
Check the fileSystem's health:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo e2fsck -f /dev/sdb1
|
e2fsck -f /dev/sdb1
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Resize the file System to something smaller than what you want, so here I want 500G and so I resize to 450 G.
|
Resize the file System to something smaller than what you want, so here I want 500G and so I resize to 450 G.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
resize2fs /dev/sdb1 450G
|
resize2fs /dev/sdb1 450G
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Then delete the partition with either gdisk or fdisk, depending upon the layout.
|
Then delete the partition with either gdisk or fdisk, depending upon the layout.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo fdisk /dev/sdb
|
fdisk /dev/sdb
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
d
|
d
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Then make a new fileSystem of the desired type with:
|
Then make a new fileSystem of the desired type with:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
n
|
n
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
And finally resize to the full size you want:
|
And finally resize to the full size you want:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
sudo resize2fs /dev/sdb1
|
resize2fs /dev/sdb1
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
And then check your disk again with e2fsck.
|
And then check your disk again with e2fsck.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -193,20 +195,18 @@ Let's start with names. PV = 'Physical Volume', VG = 'Volume Group', and LV = '
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
Now we can create a volume group out of sdb2 and sdc3:
|
Now we can create a volume group out of sdb2 and sdc3:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo vgcreate my-new-vg /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdc3
|
vgcreate my-new-vg /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdc3
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Then make a new logical volume out of the volume group:
|
Then make a new logical volume out of the volume group:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo lvcreate -n my-new-lv my-new-vg
|
lvcreate -n my-new-lv my-new-vg
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Then have a look at all logical volumes:
|
Then have a look at all logical volumes:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo lvscan
|
lvscan
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -4,49 +4,47 @@ tags: [ "basics" ]
|
|||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
# Making a Swap File
|
# Making a Swap File
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
|
su root
|
||||||
cd /var/cache/
|
cd /var/cache/
|
||||||
```
|
dd if=/dev/zero of=swapfile bs=1K count=4M
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
|
||||||
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=swapfile bs=1K count=4M
|
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This creates a swapfile of (1k x 4M) 4 Gigs.
|
This creates a swapfile of (1k x 4M) 4 Gigs.
|
||||||
Change 4M to XM for an XGig swap.
|
Change 4M to XM for an XGig swap.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo chmod 600 swapfile
|
chmod 600 swapfile
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo mkswap swapfile
|
mkswap swapfile
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo swapon swapfile
|
swapon swapfile
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Test it's working with top
|
Test it's working with top
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
top -bn1 | grep -i swap
|
top -bn1 | grep -i swap
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
or:
|
or:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
echo "/var/cache/swapfile none swap sw 0 0" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
|
echo "/var/cache/swapfile none swap sw 0 0" | tee -a /etc/fstab
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Test it'll work at boot with:
|
Test it'll work at boot with:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo swapoff swapfile
|
swapoff swapfile
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo swapon -va
|
swapon -va
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Partition Swaps
|
# Partition Swaps
|
||||||
@ -57,13 +55,13 @@ Put this in /etc/fstab:
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
Then test it works with:
|
Then test it works with:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo swapon -va
|
swapon -va
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Test other partitions in fstab with:
|
Test other partitions in fstab with:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo mount -a
|
mount -a
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
|
|||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
title: "tmux"
|
title: "tmux"
|
||||||
tags: [ "System" ]
|
tags: [ "system" ]
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
Start with:
|
Start with:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
tmux
|
tmux
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -34,21 +34,21 @@ In addition to Windows, there are panes.
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
Crate a new session with the name 'backup'.
|
Crate a new session with the name 'backup'.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
tmux new -s backup
|
tmux new -s backup
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
List sessions:
|
List sessions:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
tmux list-sessions
|
tmux list-sessions
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
tmux kill-session -t 2
|
tmux kill-session -t 2
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
tmux attach -t backup
|
tmux attach -t backup
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -2,21 +2,21 @@
|
|||||||
title: "Docker"
|
title: "Docker"
|
||||||
tags: [ "documentation", "Virtualization" ]
|
tags: [ "documentation", "Virtualization" ]
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo pacman -S docker
|
sudo pacman -S docker
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
|
sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo systemctl start docker
|
sudo systemctl start docker
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
You need to either log out and back in again to be in the docker group, or run everything as root.
|
You need to either log out and back in again to be in the docker group, or run everything as root.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
# docker info
|
# docker info
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -24,19 +24,19 @@ This should show you things are working.
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
Search for a distro you want
|
Search for a distro you want
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
docker search debian
|
docker search debian
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If you get a hit, pull it.
|
If you get a hit, pull it.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
docker pull debian
|
docker pull debian
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Then run a live image:
|
Then run a live image:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
docker run -it debian
|
docker run -it debian
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -44,13 +44,13 @@ docker run -it debian
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
Check currently running containers with
|
Check currently running containers with
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
docker ps
|
docker ps
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Check all containers with
|
Check all containers with
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
docker ps -a
|
docker ps -a
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ Now we can get a list of all containers.
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
To delete one, take the id, e.g. '97796727e883', and run:
|
To delete one, take the id, e.g. '97796727e883', and run:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
docker rm 97796727e883
|
docker rm 97796727e883
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ docker rm 97796727e883
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
Get a list of docker container ips
|
Get a list of docker container ips
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
docker inspect -f '{{range.NetworkSettings.Networks}}{{.IPAddress}}{{end}}' *container_name_or_id*
|
docker inspect -f '{{range.NetworkSettings.Networks}}{{.IPAddress}}{{end}}' *container_name_or_id*
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -6,27 +6,27 @@ tags: [ "System" ]
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
## Arch Linux
|
## Arch Linux
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo pacman -S virtualbox-host-modules-arch virtualbox-guest-iso
|
sudo pacman -S virtualbox-host-modules-arch virtualbox-guest-iso
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo modprobe vboxdrv
|
sudo modprobe vboxdrv
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
# vboxreload
|
# vboxreload
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Make dd image into vdi
|
Make dd image into vdi
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
VBoxManage convertdd base.dd output.vdi --format VDI
|
VBoxManage convertdd base.dd output.vdi --format VDI
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If this doesn't work, try to make a new bite size with just
|
If this doesn't work, try to make a new bite size with just
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sudo dd if=image.dd of=image2.dd bs=512 conv=sync
|
sudo dd if=image.dd of=image2.dd bs=512 conv=sync
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -34,19 +34,19 @@ sudo dd if=image.dd of=image2.dd bs=512 conv=sync
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
List boxes:
|
List boxes:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
VBoxManage list vms
|
VBoxManage list vms
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Start a headless instance
|
Start a headless instance
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
VBoxManage startvm "rata" --type headless
|
VBoxManage startvm "rata" --type headless
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
To pause the machine:
|
To pause the machine:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
VBoxManage controlvm "rata" pause --type headless
|
VBoxManage controlvm "rata" pause --type headless
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -64,15 +64,15 @@ You can do a number of things to virtualboxes this way:
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
Creating a VM requires registering it:
|
Creating a VM requires registering it:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
VBoxManage createvm --name Ubuntu19.04 --register --ostype Ubuntu
|
VBoxManage createvm --name Ubuntu19.04 --register --ostype Ubuntu
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
VBoxManage modifyvm Ubuntu19.04 --memory 1042
|
VBoxManage modifyvm Ubuntu19.04 --memory 1042
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
VBoxManage storagectl Ubuntu19.04 -name IDE --add ide --controller PIIX4 --bootable on
|
VBoxManage storagectl Ubuntu19.04 -name IDE --add ide --controller PIIX4 --bootable on
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -5,15 +5,15 @@ tags: [ "xe", "virtualization", "volume" ]
|
|||||||
# Make a local iso repository
|
# Make a local iso repository
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
STORE_PATH=/var/opt/xen/ISO_Store
|
STORE_PATH=/var/opt/xen/ISO_Store
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
mkdir -p $STORE_PATH
|
mkdir -p $STORE_PATH
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
xe sr-create name-label="$STORAGE_NAME" type=iso device-config:location=$STORE_PATH device-config:legacy_mode=true content-type=iso
|
xe sr-create name-label="$STORAGE_NAME" type=iso device-config:location=$STORE_PATH device-config:legacy_mode=true content-type=iso
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ This creates a UUID for the new directory:
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
# Main Console
|
# Main Console
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
xsconsole
|
xsconsole
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -31,13 +31,13 @@ xsconsole
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
List volumes:
|
List volumes:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
lvs
|
lvs
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
List groups:
|
List groups:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
vgs
|
vgs
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -5,21 +5,21 @@ tags: [ "Markdown", "PDF", "Vision" ]
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
Turn a markdown file into a pdf:
|
Turn a markdown file into a pdf:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
lowdown -stms "$FILE".md | pdfroff -itk -mspdf > "$FILE".pdf
|
lowdown -stms "$FILE".md | pdfroff -itk -mspdf > "$FILE".pdf
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
*Example:* put [this Makefile](lowdown/example.txt) in a directory, rename it `Makefile`, then do:
|
*Example:* put [this Makefile](lowdown/example.txt) in a directory, rename it `Makefile`, then do:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
make example
|
make example
|
||||||
make
|
make
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
To give the document a title, put that title in the metadata:
|
To give the document a title, put that title in the metadata:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```sh
|
||||||
sed -i "1 i---" "$FILE".md
|
sed -i "1 i---" "$FILE".md
|
||||||
sed -i "1 ititle: $TITLE" "$FILE".md
|
sed -i "1 ititle: $TITLE" "$FILE".md
|
||||||
sed -i "1 i---" "$FILE".md
|
sed -i "1 i---" "$FILE".md
|
||||||
|
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user