quality of life adjustments

README.md

@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ The chronology should never branch.
 If `gitea` can use three different types of database, the documentation should simply pick one and continue instructions from there.
 Repetition works better than a reference - if a database requires three commands to set up, it's better to repeat those three commands for every program that requires a database than to just link to another file which discusses databases.
 
+---
+
 ### Closing
 
 Introductory documents should show anything required to cleanly uninstall a program, without leaving bulky configuration files behind.
@@ -52,6 +54,8 @@ Non-commands (e.g. output) should be shown as quoted text:
 > Mail         kn
 > Projects     music
 
+---
+
 # Example
 
 ```

basics/Joyous_ASCII.md

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+---
+title: "Joyous ASCII"
+tags: [ "fun" ]
+---
+
+- `asciiquarium`
+- `cbonsai -lim "$(fortune)"`
+
+```bash
+cow=$(cowsay -l | sort -R | head  -1)
+fortune -s | figlet | cowsay -nf $cow | lolcat
+```

basics/cron.md

@@ -2,9 +2,11 @@
 title: "cron"
 tags: [ "Documentation", "Basics" ]
 ---
-# Cron
+# Cronie
 
-The crontab program might have various names, like `cronie` or `crond`.
+The `cronie` program is also known as `crond`.
+
+## Install
 
 ```bash
 sudo apt search -n ^cron
@@ -14,20 +16,35 @@ Once installed, search for the service name, and start it.
 
 ```bash
 sudo systemctl list-unit-files | grep cron
+sudo systemctl enable --now $NAME
 ```
 
+## Usage
+
+Show your current crontab:
+
 ```bash
-sudo systemctl enable --now cron
+crontab -l
 ```
 
-You can *e*dit your crontab with:
+You can put this in a file and edit it:
 
 ```bash
-crontab -e
+crontab -l > $filename
+echo '39 3 */3 * * /bin/tar czf /tmp/etc_backup.tgz /etc/' >> $filename
 ```
 
+Then apply that crontab:
 
-> 39 */3 * * * /usr/bin/updatedb
+```bash
+crontab $filename
+rm $filename
+```
+
+The `cron` program will check your syntax before adding the tab.
+
+Your crontab file sits somewhere in `/var/spool/`.
+Probably in `/var/spool/cron`.
 
 ## Syntax
 
@@ -39,43 +56,61 @@ These five points refer to:
 
 So '3pm every Sunday' would be:
 
-> 0 15 * * 7
+`0 15 * * 7`
 
 Here 'Sunday' is indicated by "7", and '3pm' is 'the 15th hour'.
 The minute is '0' (i.e. '0 minutes past three pm').
 
 Doing the same thing, but only in February, would be:
 
-> 0 15 * 2 7
+`0 15 * 2 7`
 
-### Full Paths
+### Variables
+
+`cronie` doesn't know where you live, so to put something in your `$HOME` directory, you have to tell it:
 
-Executing something requires the full path to where it is, so you cannot simply use `apt update -y`, because cron does not know where `apt` is.
-Instead, find out where it is:
 
 ```bash
-type -P apt
+echo "HOME=$HOME" > $filename
+crontab -l >> $filename
+crontab $filename
 ```
 
-`/usr/bin/apt`
+`cronie` doesn't know where anything lives, including programs.
+You can give it your usual `$PATH` variable like this:
 
-Then put that into the crontab:
 
 ```bash
-sudo crontab -e
+echo $PATH > $filename
+crontab -l >> $filename
+crontab $filename
 ```
 
-> 40 */3 * * * /usr/bin/apt update -y
+Now instead of doing this
 
-This will run `apt update -y` as root every 3 hours, at 40 minutes past the hour, e.g. 00:40, 03:40, 06:40.
+`40 */3 * * * /usr/bin/du -sh $HOME/* | sort -h > $HOME/sum.txt`
 
-## Directories
+You can simply do this: 
+
+`40 */3 * * * du -sh $HOME/* | sort -h > $HOME/sum.txt`
+
+## Run as Root
 
 You can execute a script as root by putting it into a directory, instead of in the tab.
 Look at the available cron directories:
 
 ```bash
-ls /etc/cron.\*
+ls -d /etc/cron.*
+```
+
+Make a script which runs daily:
+
+```bash
+f=apt_update.sh
+echo '#!/bin/bash' > $f
+echo 'apt update --yes' >> $f
+chmod +x $f
+sudo mv $f /etc/cron.daily/
 ```
 
 ### Testing with runparts
@@ -86,50 +121,9 @@ Run-parts runs all executable scripts in a directory.
 run-parts /etc/cron.hourly
 ```
 
-## Tips
+# Troubleshooting
-
-### Variables
-
-Add your `$HOME` to crontab to use scripts.
-First add `HOME=/home/user`, then you can use syntax like this:
-
-0 * * * * $HOME/.scripts/myScript.sh
-
-*Remember to test the script by executing that line first*:
-
-```bash
-$HOME/.scripts/myScript.sh
-```
-
-You can also add your regular path to your crontab as a variable (see example below).
-If you're using vim as the editor, just run this at the top of your crontab:
-
-```bash
-:r!echo PATH=$PATH
-```
 
 ### `date` Commands
 
 Cron doesn't understand the `%` sign, so if you want to use `date +%R`, then it should be escaped with a backslash: `date +\%R`.
 
-### File Location
-
-The crontab files are in `/var/spool/cron/`, so you can backup or restore them.
-
-# Example
-
-```
-HOME=/home/user
-PATH=/usr/condabin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/bin/site_perl:/usr/bin/vendor_perl:/usr/bin/core_perl:/home/user/.local/bin:/home/user/.scripts/:/home/user/.local/bin:/home/user/.scripts/
-
-1 0 1 * *    /usr/bin/mkdir -p $HOME/arc/$(date +\%Y/\%m)
-
-18 0 1 */3 * $HOME/.scripts/mail-clean.sh
-
-* * * * * ping -c 1 home || mail-pull.sh
-
-50 18 * * * /usr/bin/timeout 30m /usr/bin/syncthing
-
-```
-
-

basics/eval.md

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+---
+title: "eval"
+tags: [ "basics" ]
+---
+
+Compose a statement for execution.
+
+```bash
+x='echo $y'
+echo $x
+y=dragon
+eval "$x"
+```
+
+The results remain in the current shell, unlike sub-shells.
+
+```bash
+b=basilisk
+sh -c 'echo $b'
+eval "g=goblin"
+echo $g
+```

basics/games.md

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+---
+title: "bash games"
+tags: [ "Documentation", "Games" ]
+---
+
+Games are a great way to learn bash.
+
+- `mapscii.me` is an interactive terminal map.
+    1. Install telnet.
+    1. `telnet mapscii.me`
+- [Over the Wire](https://overthewire.org/wargames) teaches bash with small challenging you can do over `ssh`.

basics/hard_links.md

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+---
+title: "hard links"
+tags: [ "basics", "links" ]
+---
+
+A hard link is one file which exists in multiple locations.
+
+Each file has an ID, which is kept on the hard disk's partition.
+Each hard link has the same ID, because they are the same file.
+This ID is called the 'inode'.
+
+Create a file, and a hard link:
+
+```bash
+fortune > $file_1
+mkdir -p x/y/z/
+ln $file_1 x/y/z/$file_2
+```
+Have a long look at the file with the `-l` flag, and check the inode with `-i`:
+
+```bash
+ls -li $file_1 x/y/z/$file_2
+```
+
+Since they are the same file, you can make a change to one, and it changes both:
+
+```bash
+fortune | tee x/y/z/$file_2
+cat $file_1
+cat x/y/z/$file_2
+```
+
+# Danger Zone
+
+- hard links will not work on directories, only standard files and fifos.
+- `git` will destroy and remake files, so it will not respect hard links.
+- Files cannot have a hard link on another disk partition, because the inode is stored on each partition.
+

basics/links.md

@@ -1,19 +1,9 @@
 ---
 title: "links"
-tags: [ "Documentation", "Basics" ]
+tags: [ "basics", "links" ]
 ---
-Link from X to Y.
 
-```bash
+There are two types:
-ln -s X ../otherdir/Y
-```
-
-If you want a hard link, this will make a single file exist in two locations.
-If it is deleted in one location, it continues to exist in the other.
-
-```bash
-ln *X* *Y*
-```
-
-Both files must be on the same hard drive, as they have the same inode (check this with `ls -i file`).
 
+- [Soft links](soft_links.md)
+- [Hard links](hard_links.md)

basics/ls.md

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+---
+title: "ls"
+tags: [ "basics" ]
+---
+
+Firstly, your `ls` is probably aliased to something.
+
+Check it with:
+
+
+```bash
+alias ls
+```
+If the prompt shows some alias, then start by removing it:
+
+
+```bash
+unalias ls
+```
+
+Now we can begin.
+
+Check the most recently modified file:
+
+
+```bash
+ls -t
+```
+
+Reverse this with `tac` to see the file which has been unmodified the longest:
+
+
+```bash
+ls -t | tac
+```
+Group files by extension:
+
+```bash
+ls -X
+```
+Sort largest files first:
+
+```bash
+ls -X
+```
+

basics/setup/Quality_of_Life.md

@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+---
+title: "Quality of Life"
+tags: [ "basics", "setup" ]
+dependencies: [ "vi", "basics" ]
+---
+
+This & That
+===========
+
+Refer to 'that last thing', and 'the first thing':
+
+```bash
+fortune -l > file1
+cat !$  | tr -d u
+diff !^ !$
+```
+
+**NB:** this can go wrong:
+
+```bash
+ls -l file1 file2
+cat !^
+```
+
+Done
+----
+
+`<C-d>`
+
+- If you have a command, Control + d will execute the command.
+- If you have nothing, `exit`.
+
+Input Run-Commands (`~/.inputrc`)
+=================================
+
+Alias Expansion
+---------------
+
+```bash
+echo '"\C- ": shell-expand-line' >> ~/.inputrc
+exec bash
+```
+
+Now you can expand all aliases with 'Control + Space'.
+Try just `ls`, then 'Control + Space'.
+
+Glob Expansion (`*`)
+--------------------
+
+```bash
+echo '"\C-x": glob-expand-word' >> ~/.inputrc
+exec bash
+ls *<C-x>
+```
+
+- Are you sure you want to delete that?
+    * `rm -r *<C-x>`
+- Clean up the Downloads folder:
+    * `rm Downloads/*pdf<C-x>`
+
+Arbitrary Commands
+------------------
+
+Use `\n` as a 'newline' character to automatically press `<Return>`.
+
+```bash
+echo 'Control-y: "| lolcat\n"' >> ~/.inputrc
+exec bash
+ls<C-y>
+```
+
+```bash
+Control-l: "\C-u clear -x && ls\n"
+exec bash
+cd /etc/<C-l>
+```
+
+Readline as Vi
+--------------
+
+```bash
+echo 'set editing-mode vi' >> ~/.inputrc
+echo 'set keymap vi-insert' >> ~/.inputrc
+exec bash
+```
+
+The prompt now works according to `vi`-motions.
+This goes much further than the bash-option, `set -o vi` ('set option: `vi`').
+It changes the cursor in the terminal, not just bash.
+
+Try:
+
+- `ls <C-n>`
+- `ls <C-p>`
+- Type some words.
+- `<Esc>0dw$p`
+- <Esc> to normal-mode, and go back with 'b', and forward with 'e'.
+- `4b` to step back four times.
+- `cE`
+- `<Esc>kcw`
+- ls -a<Esc>xxxx
+
+Works with `python` too:
+
+```python
+im<C-n>os<Return>
+os.li<C-n><Return>
+<Esc>kfn
+<C-d>
+```
+
+Fix Globs!
+----------
+
+If you tried the previous commands then they will not work any more, because the `vi`-commands overwrite the other commands.
+Remove them.
+
+```bash
+sed '/ vi/d' ~/.inputrc
+sed -i '/ vi/d' ~/.inputrc
+
+sed '1 i set editing-mode vi' .inputrc 
+sed -i '1 i set editing-mode vi' ~/.inputrc 
+sed -i '2 i set keymap vi-insert' ~/.inputrc 
+```
+
+Vi-sibility
+-----------
+
+The `readline` prompt becomes confusing if you don't remember if you're in insert or normal mode.
+But you can show the  current mode in the prompt:
+
+```bash
+echo 'set show-mode-in-prompt on' >> ~/.inputrc
+exec bash
+```
+
+Set new symbols for normal and insert mode:
+
+```bash
+echo 'set vi-ins-mode-string "  "' >> ~/.inputrc
+echo 'set vi-cmd-mode-string " "' >> ~/.inputrc
+```
+
+Fuzzy Sort
+==========
+
+Check your repos for `sk-im`, and install.
+The program is called `sk`.
+
+```bash
+FUZZY=sk
+```
+
+If you don't have it, `fzy` or `fzf` should work the same way.
+
+```bash
+FUZZY=fzy
+```
+
+Find some 'read-config' files to check out:
+
+```bash
+find . -maxdepth 2 -name "*rc"
+find . -maxdepth 2 -name "*rc" | $FUZZY
+```
+
+And read some:
+
+```bash
+PAGER='less -R'
+$PAGER "$(find . -maxdepth 2 -name "*rc" | $FUZZY)"
+```
+
+Make the change long-term:
+
+```bash
+alias rrc='$PAGER "$(find . -maxdepth 2 -name "*rc" | sk)"'
+alias | grep rrc= >> ~/.bash_aliases
+```

basics/soft_links.md

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+---
+title: "soft links"
+tags: [ "basics", "links" ]
+---
+A soft link is a file which says how to go to another file.
+When a program encounters a soft link, it will make a  guess at whether it should ignore it, or try to get to that file.
+
+To make a soft link to a file in the current directory, linking is easy:
+
+```bash
+fortune > $file_1
+ln -s $file_1 $link_1
+```
+
+Now imagine your directory looks like this:
+
+```
+dir_0/
+├── dir_1
+│   └── file_1
+├── dir_2
+│   └── file_1
+├── file_1
+└── link_1
+
+```
+
+Inside `dir_1`, making a soft link to `dir_0/file_1` would mean putting the directions to that file:
+
+```bash
+cd dir_1
+ln -s ../file_1 link_1
+```
+
+The real content of the file is just '`../file_1`, so making it from another directory would mean writing exactly the same address to that file:
+
+```bash
+ln -s ../file_1 dir_2/link_2
+```
+
+Both symlinks are identical, except for the name.
+
+```
+dir_0/
+├── dir_1
+│   ├── file_1
+│   └── link_1   <-- This one points to ../file_1
+├── dir_2
+│   ├── file_1
+│   └── link_2   <-- This one points to ../file_1 as well.
+└── file_2
+
+```
+
+Since it's just an address, you can delete the original file, then make another.
+
+```bash
+rm file_1
+ls -l dir_1/
+fortune > file_1
+cat dir_2/link_2
+fortune | tee -a file_1
+cat dir_1/link_1
+```
+
+Last, let's make a link from `dir_2/link_2` to `dir_1/file_1` (this will delete the old link):
+
+```bash
+ln -s -f ../dir_1/file_1 dir_2/link_2
+cat dir_2/link_2
+```
+

basics/time.md

@@ -68,3 +68,11 @@ ntpq -p
 
 Usually this is run as a service, so just start that service.
 
+# Force Reset
+
+If your clock drifts too far from the right time, it will not reset happily.
+For it to reset like this:
+
+```bash
+sudo ntpd -q -g -x -n
+```

basics/tree.md

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+---
+title: "tree"
+tags: [ "basics", "tree", "markdown" ]
+---
+
+The `tree` utility outputs a full listing of everything in your current directory, and those below.
+
+- Just directories: `tree -d`
+- Output colour to `less`: `tree -C --info | less -re`
+- Ignore files in the `.gitignore` file: `tree --gitignore`
+
+You can place information about the files in a directory to use with the `tree --info` option, like this:
+
+```
+config
+	Config files.
+	This is a git submodule.
+README.md
+	Summary of the git.
+*.jpg
+	Little picture, does not display
+	words well.
+```
+
+Each description-line starts with a tab.
+
+## Markdown Conversion
+
+To represent a file structure as a nested series of markdown lists, you can try this horrifying `sed` one-liner:
+
+```bash
+tree -tf --dirsfirst --gitignore --noreport --charset ascii  | \
+    sed -e 's/| \+/  /g' \
+    -e 's/[|`]-\+/ */g' \
+    -e 's:\(* \)\(\(.*/\)\([^/]\+\)\):\1[\4](\2):g'
+```

basics/yes.md

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+---
+title: "yes"
+tags: [ "basics" ]
+---
+# The Best Linux Program: `yes`
+
+The program `yes` prints the word `yes` to your terminal until you cancel it, perhaps with 'Control + c'.
+Or technically it prints `yes\n`, meaning `yes` and then a new line (like pressing the Return key).
+
+This is extremely powerful.
+
+If you ever want to automatically install something which persistently nags you with `do you want to do the thing? [y/N]?`, then you can just pipe `yes` into that program, and it will answer 'yes' to all questions.
+
+```bash
+yes | $INSTALL_SCRIPT_FILE.sh
+```
+
+This works best for disposable systems, like VMs or containers.
+Try this on a live system, and you might find out that you should have read that message fully.
+
+```bash
+yes | yay
+```
+

chat/profanity-otr.md

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+---
+title: "profanity"
+tags: [ "Documentation", "Chat", "OTR" ]
+---
+# otr
+
+'Off The Record' encryption seems mostly dead to me.
+But this is what I did, back in the day...
+
+Install libotr-dev or libotr5-dev or whatever..
+
+```
+sudo apt -y install lib5otr-dev
+```
+
+Make your otr keys.
+
+```
+/otr gen
+```
+
+Then you can start an otr converstation.
+
+```
+/otr start bob@jobbies.org
+```
+
+Or if you already have a conversation windows open, switch to our using:
+
+```
+/otr
+```
+
+Finally, verify!
+
+```
+/otr question "Who are you?" bob
+```
+
+Bob is verified upon the answer, 'bob'.
+
+### OTR Finger Prints
+
+Get yours with 
+
+```
+/otr myfp
+```
+
+```
+/otr theirfp
+```
+
+```
+/otr myfp
+```
+

chat/profanity.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 title: "profanity"
-tags: [ "Documentation", "Chat" ]
+tags: [ "Documentation", "Chat", "omemo" ]
 ---
 # Setup (Commands)
 
@@ -140,54 +140,6 @@ You can ensure omemo automatcally turns on:
 ```
 /omemo policy automatic
 ```
+---
 
-## otr
+'OTR' encryption is mostly dead, but you can find the old instructions [here](profanity-otr).
-
-Install libotr-dev or libotr5-dev or whatever..
-
-```
-sudo apt -y install lib5otr-dev
-```
-
-Make your otr keys.
-
-```
-/otr gen
-```
-
-Then you can start an otr converstation.
-
-```
-/otr start bob@jobbies.org
-```
-
-Or if you already have a conversation windows open, switch to our using:
-
-```
-/otr
-```
-
-Finally, verify!
-
-```
-/otr question "Who are you?" bob
-```
-
-Bob is verified upon the answer, 'bob'.
-
-### OTR Finger Prints
-
-Get yours with 
-
-```
-/otr myfp
-```
-
-```
-/otr theirfp
-```
-
-```
-/otr myfp
-```
-

data/calcurse.md

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+---
+title: "calcurse"
+tags: [ "data", "calendar", "daylight savings" ]
+---
+
+## Setup
+
+The UK government keeps an ics file with clock, [here](https://www.gov.uk/when-do-the-clocks-change/united-kingdom.ics).
+

data/email.md

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+---
+title: "e-mail"
+tags: [ "data", "smtp" ]
+---
+
+This is bare-bones, original, primitive e-mail.
+
+Install `opensmtpd` (or similar), then `ncat` or `nc` or `netcat` (this mysterious cat has many names).
+
+Start the `opensmtpd` service, then use netcat to speak with the mail-daemon:
+
+
+```
+nc localhost 25
+```
+The computer should respond with code `220`, which means 'I am listening'.
+
+> 220 hex ESMTP OpenSMTPD
+
+```
+HELO gmail.com
+```
+
+You say `HELO` and say where you are coming from.
+
+
+The `smtpd` will not check, so I am going to lie to it.
+Mail servers are easily impressed, so it will be pleased to meet you.
+
+> 250 hex Hello gmail.com [::1], pleased to meet you
+
+```
+MAIL FROM: <admin@gmail.com>
+```
+
+All the mail commands start with 4 bytes, because it's easier for admins to program.
+Tell the mail daemon who you are in this format.
+
+> 250 2.0.0 Ok
+
+Then tell it who you're sending to.
+
+```
+RCPT TO: <www@dmz.rs>
+```
+
+> 250 2.1.5 Destination address valid: Recipient ok
+
+Finally, tell it that you want to send `DATA`.
+
+```
+DATA
+```
+
+> 354 Enter mail, end with "." on a line by itself
+
+```
+Subject: turn off server please
+
+very urgent
+.
+```
+
+> 250 2.0.0 73864a49 Message accepted for delivery
+
+You will find the email under `/var/spool` or `/var/mail` or similar.
+
+If unsure, just take a part of your email, like `FRAGMENT="turn off server please"`, then `grep` for it:
+
+ ```bash
+sudo grep -r $FRAGMENT /var/spool/*
+ ```
+

data/exiftool.md

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ And overwrite all metadata:
 ```bash
 exiftool -all= -overwrite_original -ext jpg .
 ```
+(NB: This does not work on pdf data. See [here](pdf_erasure.md) for erasing all pdf data)
 
 Or just GPS data:
 
@@ -36,3 +37,4 @@ identify -verbose
 ```
 
 
+

data/git/basics.md

@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ A branch is a full copy of the project to test additional ideas.
 You can make a new branch called 'featurez' like this:
 
 ```bash
-git branch *featurez*
+git branch $FEATURE_BRANCH
 ```
 
 Have a look at all your branches:
@@ -104,19 +104,20 @@ git branch
 Switch to your new branch:
 
 ```bash
-git checkout *featurez*
+git checkout $FEATURE_BRANCH
 ```
 
 And if your changes are rubbish, checkout the "master" branch again, then delete "featurez":
 
 ```bash
-git branch -D *featurez*
+git branch -D $FEATURE_BRANCH
 ```
 
 Or if it's a good branch, push it to the remote:
 
 ```bash
-git push *origin* *featurez*
+remote=origin
+git push $remote $FEATURE_BRANCH
 ```
 
 ## Merging
@@ -124,13 +125,13 @@ git push *origin* *featurez*
 Once you like the feature, merge it into the main branch.  Switch to master then merge it:
 
 ```bash
-git merge *featurez*
+git merge $FEATURE_BRANCH
 ```
 
-and delete `featurez` as you've already merged it:
+And delete the branch, as you've already merged it:
 
 ```bash
-git branch -d featurez
+git branch -d $FEATURE_BRANCH
 ```
 
 # Subtree
@@ -141,34 +142,6 @@ git branch -d featurez
 git subtree add -P config git@gitlab.com:bindrpg/config.git master
 ```
 
-## Pulling a Subtree from an existing git
-
-The project has subdirectories sub-1,sub-2,sub-3.  The first should be its own repository, but should also retain its own history.
-
-First, we extract its history as an independent item, and make that into a seprate branch.
-
-```bash
-git subtree split --prefix=sub-1 -b sub
-```
-
-If you want something a few directories deep, you can use `--prefix=sub-1/dir-2/dir-3
-
-Then go and create a new git somewhere else:
-
-```bash
-cd ..;mkdir sub-1;cd sub-1;git init --bare
-```
-
-Then go back to your initial git repo, and do the following:
-
-git push ../subtest sub:master
-
-Finally, you can clone this repo from your original.
-
-```bash
-git clone ../subtest
-```
-
 # Tricks
 
 ## Delete All History

data/git/git_secret.md

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+---
+title: "git-secret"
+tags: [ "data", "git" ]
+---
+
+This utility is largely useless, as it can only identify people by their email.
+So if someone has multiple GPG keys associated with one email, the tool will not work.
+
+A broken tool is better than a tool which will break soon.

data/git/hooks.md

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+---
+title: "git hooks"
+tags: [ "Documentation", "data", "git" ]
+---
+
+Check out the sample hooks:
+
+```bash
+cd $GIT_REPO
+ls .git/hooks
+head .git/hooks/pre-commit.sample
+```
+
+Add a hook to check the shell scripts in `$GIT_REPO` before making a commit:
+
+```bash
+echo '#!/bin/sh
+shellcheck *.sh' > .git/hooks/commit-msg
+chmod u+x .git/hooks/commit-msg
+```
+
+## Committing
+
+Your `git hooks` will not enter the repository, but you can commit them to a repository, then request others add these git hooks to their own branch, by putting a note in the project's `README.md`.
+
+```markdown
+The project comes with recommended git hooks.
+You can activate the hooks with `git config core.hooksPath hooks`.
+```

data/git/subtree.md

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+---
+title: "git"
+tags: [ "Documentation", "data", "git", "subtree" ]
+---
+
+## Pulling a Subtree from an existing git
+
+The project has subdirectories `sub-1`, `sub-2`, `sub-3`.
+The first should be its own repository, but should also retain its own history.
+
+First, we extract its history as an independent item, and make that into a seprate branch.
+
+```bash
+git subtree split --prefix=sub-1 -b sub
+```
+
+If you want something a few directories deep, you can use `--prefix=sub-1/dir-2/dir-3
+
+Then go and create a new git somewhere else:
+
+```bash
+cd ..;mkdir sub-1;cd sub-1;git init --bare
+```
+
+Then go back to your initial git repo, and do the following:
+
+git push ../subtest sub:master
+
+Finally, you can clone this repo from your original.
+
+```bash
+git clone ../subtest
+```
+

data/gpg.md

@@ -1,119 +1,7 @@
 ---
 title: "gpg"
-tags: [ "Documentation", "data" ]
+tags: [ "Documentation", "data", "GPG" ]
 ---
-# Making keys
-
-Generate keys:
-
-```bash
-gpg --gen-key
-```
-
-Follow the guide.
-
-# Encrypting a file
-
-```bash
-gpg -r malinfreeborn@posteo.net -e file
-```
-
-`-r` specifies the recipient.
-
-Check you have an encrypted version of your file.
-
-# Changing Expiration Dates
-
-gpg --list-keys
-
-... and then use the second part of 'pub', which is the ID.  But that's not appearing here so... on with gpg2?
-
-# Making encrypted files with a local password
-
-Make a password with a password (cypher encryption).
-
-```bash
-gpg -c --output passwords.txt
-```
-
-or 
-
-```bash
-gpg -c > passwords.txt
-```
-
-Put in a password.
-
-Write message then stop with Ctrl+d.
-
-Get the message back out the file with:
-
-```bash
-gpg -d passwords.txt
-```
-
-# Circles of Trust
-
-Search for a key at any key store:
-
-```bash
-gpg --search-keys nestorv
-```
-
-Once you've made a decision about someone:
-
-```bash
-gpg --list-keys
-```
-
-You get something like this:
-
-```
-pub   rsa3072 2021-08-15 [SC] [expires: 2023-08-15]
-      CD30421FD825696BD95F1FF644C62C57B790D3CF
-uid           [ultimate] Malin Freeborn <malinfreeborn@posteo.net>
-sub   rsa3072 2021-08-15 [E] [expires: 2023-08-15]
-
-```
-
-Notice the long, ugly, string - CD30421FD825696BD95F1FF644C62C57B790D3CF - and how horribly ugly it is.
-This is a fingerprint.
-
-You can now decide the trust level (this stays on your computer).
-
-```bash
-gpg --edit-key *CD30421FD825696BD95F1FF644C62C57B790D3CF*
-```
-
-Once you're in the interface, type `trust`.
-
-```bash
-gpg --sign-key alice@posteo.net
-```
-
-Then send those trusted keys up to a server, so people can see you have verified them:
-
-```bash
-gpg --send-keys *024C6B1C84449BD1CB4DF7A152295D2377F4D70F*
-```
-
-# Refresh Keys
-
-```bash
-gpg --refresh-keys
-```
-
-# Export
-
-Your public key:
-
-```bash
-gpg --output *me*.gpg --armor --export
-```
-
-or
-
-```bash
-gpg --export -a *person@email.tld* > *my_key*.pub
-```
 
+- [Setup](gpg/basics.md)
+- [Extras](gpg/extras.md)

data/gpg/basics.md

@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+---
+title: "GPG Basics"
+tags: [ "Documentation", "data", "GPG" ]
+---
+# Making keys
+
+Generate keys:
+
+```bash
+gpg --full-generate-key
+```
+
+Follow the guide.
+
+# Encrypting a file
+
+```bash
+gpg -r malinfreeborn@posteo.net -e file
+```
+
+`-r` specifies the recipient.
+
+Check you have an encrypted version of your file.
+
+# Changing Expiration Dates
+
+
+```bash
+gpg --list-keys
+# or...
+gpg -k
+```
+
+... and then use the second part of 'pub', which is the ID.  But that's not appearing here so... on with gpg2?
+
+# Making encrypted files with a local password
+
+Make a password with a password (cypher encryption).
+
+```bash
+gpg -c --output passwords.txt
+```
+
+or 
+
+```bash
+gpg -c > passwords.txt
+```
+
+Put in a password.
+
+Write message then stop with Ctrl+d.
+
+Get the message back out the file with:
+
+```bash
+gpg -d passwords.txt
+```
+
+# Circles of Trust
+
+Search for a key at any key store:
+
+```bash
+gpg --search-keys nestorv
+```
+
+Once you've made a decision about someone:
+
+```bash
+gpg --list-keys
+```
+
+You get something like this:
+
+```
+pub   rsa3072 2021-08-15 [SC] [expires: 2023-08-15]
+      CD30421FD825696BD95F1FF644C62C57B790D3CF
+uid           [ultimate] Malin Freeborn <malinfreeborn@posteo.net>
+sub   rsa3072 2021-08-15 [E] [expires: after-forever]
+
+```
+
+Notice the long, ugly, string - `CD30421FD825696BD95F1FF644C62C57B790D3CF` - and how horribly ugly it is.
+This is a fingerprint.
+
+You can now decide the trust level (this stays on your computer).
+
+```bash
+gpg --edit-key CD30421FD825696BD95F1FF644C62C57B790D3CF
+```
+
+Once you're in the interface, type `trust`.
+
+```bash
+gpg --sign-key alice@posteo.net
+```
+
+# Swapping Keys
+
+This system relies on a ring of people swapping key information.
+
+## Sending
+
+Send those trusted keys up to a server, so people can see you have verified them:
+
+```bash
+gpg --send-keys 024C6B1C84449BD1CB4DF7A152295D2377F4D70F
+```
+
+## Upload Your Keys
+
+## Add More Key Servers
+
+Key servers often swap keys, but it's best to just send to multiple places immediately.
+You can add key servers by adding this to `~/.gnupg/gpg.conf`.
+
+```
+keyserver hkps://keys.openpgp.org
+keyserver hkps://mail-api.proton.me
+keyserver hkps://keys.mailvelope.com
+```
+
+# Refresh Keys
+
+Refreshing keys will tell you if some key you have contains a signature from someone you already trust, or if someone has published a revocation certificate (meaning their key should not be trusted any more).
+
+```bash
+gpg --refresh-keys
+```
+
+You can use the [crontab](../../basics/cron.md) to refresh keys, but this will mostly fail, since keyservers often don't hold the right data.
+
+# Export
+
+Your public key:
+
+```bash
+gpg --output me.gpg --armor --export
+```
+Alternatively:
+
+```bash
+gpg --export -a person@email.tld > my_key.pub
+```
+

data/gpg/extras.md

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+---
+title: "gpg"
+tags: [ "Documentation", "vim", "data", "GPG" ]
+---
+
+The `vim-gnupg` plugin lets vim edit gpg-encrypted files as if they were unencrypted.
+
+It's probably in your package manager.
+If not, you'll need to endure the faff of following the [instructions](http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=3645).
+

data/pdf_erasure.md

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+---
+title: "PDF Metadata Erasure"
+tags: [ "Documentation", "Metadata", "Ghost Script" ]
+---
+
+Make a text file called 'pdfmark.txt'.
+
+
+```text
+[ /Title ()
+/Author ()
+/Subject ()
+/Creator ()
+/ModDate ()
+/Producer ()
+/Keywords ()
+/CreationDate ()
+/DOCINFO pdfmark
+```
+
+Then run:
+
+```bash
+gs -o output.pdf -sDEVICE=pdfwrite "$FILE".pdf pdfmark.txt
+```

data/radicale.md

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+---
+title: "radicale and nginx"
+tags: [ "data", "calendar" ]
+---
+
+Check before you start:
+
+- you have a normally running site on nginx already.
+- your server has the directory `/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/` enabled in the nginx config.
+
+## Installation and Service
+
+Install `radicale` through your package manager (not `pip`).
+The standard `radicale` package should come with a nice `systemd` service file.
+
+If the service comes already-started, stop it immediately:
+
+```bash
+sudo systemctl stop radicale
+```
+
+## Set up Passwords
+
+Edit `/etc/radicale/config`, changing the `[auth]` section from this:
+
+```
+#type = none
+```
+
+...to this:
+```
+type = htpasswd
+```
+
+Make sure the service is off, as people may be able to sign in without a password at this point.
+
+Next, find the `htpasswd` program.
+You might get it in the `apache` package or similar.
+
+`htpasswd` allows you to generate passwords for users, and place them in `/etc/radicale/users`.
+
+```bash
+PASS="$(xkcdpass)"
+htpasswd -nb $USER "$PASS" | sudo tee -a /etc/radicale/users
+echo "Your username is $USER"
+echo "Your password is $PASS"
+```
+Right now, you can't sign into the server except through the localhost, which is pointless.
+So now we add a subdomain to `nginx`.
+
+```nginx
+
+echo '
+ server {
+    if ($host = cal.DOMAIN) {
+        return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
+    } # managed by Certbot
+
+
+     listen 80;
+     server_name cal.DOMAIN;
+                                                                                        
+     location / {
+         proxy_pass http://localhost:5232;
+         proxy_set_header Host $host;
+         proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
+         proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
+     }
+                                                                                        
+     return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
+ 
+
+}
+                                                                                        
+ server {
+     listen 443 ssl;
+     server_name cal.DOMAIN;
+    ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/cal.DOMAIN/fullchain.pem; # managed by Certbot
+    ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/cal.DOMAIN/privkey.pem; # managed by Certbot
+                                                                                        
+     location / {
+         proxy_pass http://localhost:5232;
+         proxy_set_header Host $host;
+         proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
+         proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
+     }
+ 
+}
+' > /etc/nginx/sites-available/radicale
+sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/radicale /etc/nginx/sites-enables/
+```
+
+Finally, replace the example `DOMAIN` with your actual domain name.
+
+```bash
+DOMAIN=whatever.com
+sudo sed -i "s/DOMAIN/$DOMAIN/g" /etc/nginx/sites-available/radicale 
+```
+
+(optional: replace that `cal.` prefix with anything else)
+
+Check nginx is happy:
+
+```bash
+sudo nginx -t
+```
+You will almost certainly need a new SSL certificate for the site:
+
+```bash
+sudo certbod -d cal.$DOMAIN
+```
+
+Start or restart both services:
+
+```bash
+sudo systemctl start radicale
+sudo systemctl restart nginx
+```
+
+You should now be able to log into your calendar, and add it to a phone.
+
+**NB:** you don't need the port number.

data/sc-im.md

@@ -1,33 +1,47 @@
 ---
 title: "sc-im"
-tags: [ "Documentation", "data" ]
+tags: [ "Documentation", "TUI", "data" ]
 ---
+
+- [Sample file](sc-im/sample.sc)
+
 # Basic Commands
 
-> H = highest part
+## See Cells
-> L = lowest part
-> gg = top
 
-> g$ = most right.
+Cells are hard to see.
-> g0 = most left.
+Change this with `:set autowrap`.
 
-> \ = insert middle
+Make `sc-im` always autowrap:
-> \> = insert left
-> < = insert right
 
-gb4 = to to cell b4
+```bash
+mkdir .config/sc-im/bash
+echo 'set autowrap' >> .config/sc-im/scimrc
+```
 
-> aa = see all text in cells
+## Movement
-> f = format cells so you can see it.
-> fl = format wider right
-> fh = format smaller left
 
-> fj = format wider down
+| Command                             | Key |
-> fk = format smaller down
+|:------------------------------------|:---:|
+| highest part                        | H   |
+| lowest part                         | L   |
+| top                                 | gg  |
+| most right.                         | g$  |
+| most left.                          | g0  |
+| insert middle                       | \   |
+| insert left                         | \>  |
+| insert right                        | <   |
+| to to cell b4                       | gb4 |
+| see all text in cells               | aa  |
+| format cells so you can see it.     | f   |
+| format wider right                  | fl  |
+| format smaller left                 | fh  |
+| format wider down                   | fj  |
+| format smaller down                 | fk  |
 
-# Edit
+## Edit
 
-## Text
+### Text
 
 | Action                | Key |
 |:----------------------|:---:|
@@ -35,7 +49,7 @@ gb4 = to to cell b4
 | text (right align)    | >   |
 | Edit existing  text   | E   |
 
-## Meta Actions
+### Meta Actions
 
 | Action                | Key |
 |:----------------------|:---:|
@@ -48,7 +62,7 @@ gb4 = to to cell b4
 |  delete a cell        | x   |
 
 
-## Functions
+### Functions
 
 | Action                          | Key          |
 |:--------------------------------|:------------:|
@@ -58,7 +72,7 @@ gb4 = to to cell b4
 |  minimumof those numbers        | =@min(B1:B8) |
 |  multiply C1 to C8              | =@prod(C1:C8)|
 
-## Visual
+### Visual
 
 | Action                          | Key          |
 |:--------------------------------|:------------:|

data/sc-im/sample.sc

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+# This data file was generated by the Spreadsheet Calculator Improvised (sc-im)
+# You almost certainly shouldn't edit it.
+
+newsheet "Sheet1"
+movetosheet "Sheet1"
+offscr_sc_cols 0
+offscr_sc_rows 0
+nb_frozen_rows 1
+nb_frozen_cols 0
+nb_frozen_screenrows 2
+nb_frozen_screencols 0
+format A 14 1 0
+format B 18 2 0
+format 0 2
+freeze 0
+label A0 = "Food by Weight"
+leftstring B0 = "No. Meals"
+leftstring A1 = "Ajvar"
+let A1 = 5
+let B1 = A1*$A$10
+leftstring A2 = "Apples"
+let A2 = 3
+let B2 = A2*$A$10
+leftstring A3 = "Rocket"
+let A3 = 0.2
+let B3 = A3*$A$10
+leftstring A4 = "Beli Cheese"
+let A4 = 1
+let B4 = A4*$A$10
+leftstring A6 = "Total"
+let A6 = @sum(A1:A4)
+leftstring B6 = "Total"
+let B6 = @sum(B1:B4)
+leftstring A7 = "Average"
+let A7 = @avg(A1:A4)
+leftstring A10 = "Weight of Meal"
+let A10 = 0.3
+goto A0

data/sharing_secrets.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+---
+title: "Sharing Secrets"
+tags: [ "data", "death", "secrets", "ssss" ]
+---
+
+You can share parts of a secret with multiple people, so only some of them need to agree to see the secret.
+
+Install `ssss`, then decide on the total number of secrets (`N`), and the threshold of people who must share their shard of the secret in order to reveal the secret.
+
+```bash
+N=5
+T=3
+FILE=secret.txt
+fortune | ssss-split -t $T -n $N > $FILE
+```
+Each shard is a line inside secret.txt.
+
+Check it's working:
+
+```bash
+head -n $T $FILE | ssss-combine -t $T
+tail -n $T $FILE | ssss-combine -t $T
+```

data/soft_https.md

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+---
+title: "Soft Serve through https"
+tags: [ "data", "git" ]
+---
+
+## `http` Setup
+
+In this example, the port used is `23231`, but it can be anything.
+Open `/var/lib/soft-serve/data/config.yaml` and make sure the `http` section looks like this:
+
+```
+# The HTTP server configuration.
+http:
+  # The address on which the HTTP server will listen.
+  listen_addr: ":23232"
+
+  # The path to the TLS private key.
+  tls_key_path: ""
+
+  # The path to the TLS certificate.
+  tls_cert_path: ""
+
+  # The public URL of the HTTP server.
+  # This is the address that will be used to clone repositories.
+  # Make sure to use https:// if you are using TLS.
+  public_url: "http://localhost:23232"
+
+```
+
+Restart the `soft-serve` service, then check it's working by cloning from localhost:
+
+```bash
+git clone http://localhost:23232/${some_repo}.git
+```
+
+## `https` Setup
+
+Put this file at `/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/$DOMAIN.tld`, then set up standard certificates with [nginx](../networking/website/nginx.md).
+
+(replace `${DOMAIN_NAME}` with your domain's name).
+
+```
+ server {
+     listen 80;
+     server_name ${DOMAIN_NAME};
+                                                                                        
+     location / {
+         proxy_pass http://localhost:23232;
+         proxy_set_header Host $host;
+         proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
+         proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
+     }
+                                                                                        
+     return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
+}
+                                                                                        
+ server {
+     listen 443 ssl;
+     server_name ${DOMAIN_NAME};
+
+     location / {
+         proxy_pass http://localhost:23232;
+         proxy_set_header Host $host;
+         proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
+         proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
+     }
+}
+
+```

data/sqlite.md

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+---
+title: "sqlite"
+tags: [ "Documentation", "data" ]
+---
+
+Work with a database:
+
+```bash
+sqlite3 "$FILE".sqlite3
+```
+Compress the database:
+
+```sqlite
+pragma vacuum;
+```
+Optimize the database:
+
+```sqlite
+pragma optimize;
+```
+

distros/arch/scripts/archpi.sh

@@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-
-# https://www.unixmen.com/install-arch-linux-raspberry-pi/
-
-pacman-key --init || echo init fail >> log
-pacman-key --populate archlinuxarm || echo update fail >> log
-pacman -Syyuu || echo update fail  >> log
-
-sed -i s/#en_GB.UTF-8 UTF-8/en_GB.UTF-8 UTF-8/ /etc/locale.gen
-
-echo 'LANG=en_GB.UTF-8' >> /etc/locale.conf
-
-locale-gen
-
-pacman -S base-devel htop ranger tmux lolcat fortune-mod git figlet rxvt-unicode task timew calcurse fail2ban
-# texlive-most 
-if [[ $2 == all || $1 == all ]]; then
-	pacman -S nnn feh dmenu rofi xf86-video-fbdev xorg xorg-xinit xorg-server xorg-server-utils xterm
-fi
-
-# Audio
-echo 'dtparam=audio=on' >> /boot/config.txt
-
-if [[ $1 == audio ]]; then
-	pacman -S alsa-utils alsa-firmware alsa-lib alsa-plugins 
-fi
-
-echo 'device_tree_param=spi=on' >> /boot/config.txt
-
-# for a vnc viewer
-if [[ $1 == vnc ]]; then
-	tigervnc gcc geany i3 i3status compton feh sxiv rxvt-unicode 
-fi
-
-# Swap
-
-cd /var/cache/swap
-
-dd if=/dev/zero of=swapfile bs=1K count=2M
-
-chmod 600 swapfile
-
-mkswap swapfile
-
-swapon swapfile
-
-echo "/var/cache/swap/swapfile none swap sw 0 0" > /etc/fstab
-
-# fail2ban
-
-[ -e sshd.local ] && \
-pacman -S fail2ban && \
-mv sshd.local /etc/fail2ban/jail.d && \
-systemctl start fail2ban
-
-# If it won't reboot, install `arch-install-scripts` then try again and firstly:
-# genfstab / > /etc/fstab

distros/arch/scripts/gitea_install.sh

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-pacman -S gitea postgresql
-sudo su postgres -c 'initdb -D /var/lib/postgres/data'
-sudo systemctl start postgresql
-sudo su postgres -c 'createuser -P gitea'
-sudo su postgres -c 'createdb -O gitea gitea'
-sudo sed -i 's/mysql/postgres/' /etc/gitea/app.ini
-sudo sed -i 's/root/gitea/' /etc/gitea/app.ini
-sudo systemctl start gitea

distros/arch/scripts/pihole.sh

@@ -1,79 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-
-set -e
-
-yay -S pi-hole-ftl pi-hole-server
-
-# Configuration in /etc/pihole/pihole-FTL.db
-# You can change DBINTERVAL to 60 or more to limit writes to disk
-
-sudo systemctl disable --now systemd-resolved
-sudo systemctl enable --now pihole-FTL
-pihole -g
-pihole -c
-
-if [ "$1" == "unbound" ]; then
-
-sudo pacman -S unbound
-
-sudo cp /etc/unbound/unbound.conf /etc/unbound/unbound.conf.old
-
-echo "server:
-    # If no logfile is specified, syslog is used
-    # logfile: "/var/log/unbound/unbound.log"
-    verbosity: 0
-
-    interface: 127.0.0.1
-    port: 5335
-    do-ip4: yes
-    do-udp: yes
-    do-tcp: yes
-
-    # May be set to yes if you have IPv6 connectivity
-    do-ip6: no
-
-    # You want to leave this to no unless you have *native* IPv6. With 6to4 and
-    # Terredo tunnels your web browser should favor IPv4 for the same reasons
-    prefer-ip6: no
-
-    # Use this only when you downloaded the list of primary root servers!
-    # If you use the default dns-root-data package, unbound will find it automatically
-    #root-hints: "/var/lib/unbound/root.hints"
-
-    # Trust glue only if it is within the server's authority
-    harden-glue: yes
-
-    # Require DNSSEC data for trust-anchored zones, if such data is absent, the zone becomes BOGUS
-    harden-dnssec-stripped: yes
-
-    # Don't use Capitalization randomization as it known to cause DNSSEC issues sometimes
-    # see https://discourse.pi-hole.net/t/unbound-stubby-or-dnscrypt-proxy/9378 for further details
-    use-caps-for-id: no
-
-    # Reduce EDNS reassembly buffer size.
-    # Suggested by the unbound man page to reduce fragmentation reassembly problems
-    edns-buffer-size: 1472
-
-    # Perform prefetching of close to expired message cache entries
-    # This only applies to domains that have been frequently queried
-    prefetch: yes
-
-    # One thread should be sufficient, can be increased on beefy machines. In reality for most users running on small networks or on a single machine, it should be unnecessary to seek performance enhancement by increasing num-threads above 1.
-    num-threads: 1
-
-    # Ensure kernel buffer is large enough to not lose messages in traffic spikes
-    so-rcvbuf: 1m
-
-    # Ensure privacy of local IP ranges
-    private-address: 192.168.0.0/16
-    private-address: 169.254.0.0/16
-    private-address: 172.16.0.0/12
-    private-address: 10.0.0.0/8
-    private-address: fd00::/8
-    private-address: fe80::/10
-" | sudo   tee /etc/unbound.conf
-
-	echo "Make this the  only pihole DNS: PIHOLE_DNS_1=127.0.0.1 in /etc/pihole/setupVars.conf"
-
-fi
-

distros/arch/scripts/steam.sh

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-
-flatpak --user remote-add --if-not-exists flathub https://dl.flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo
-
-flatpak --user install flathub com.valvesoftware.Steam
-
-flatpak run com.valvesoftware.Steam
-

distros/arch/scripts/yay.sh

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/yay.git
-
-cd yay
-
-makepkg -si
-
-yay -S perl-graph-easy signal-desktop sc-im ncpamixer xdg-utils-mimeo torrench
-
-yay -S ttf-tengwar-annatar
-

distros/void/Brand_Name_Wallpaper.md

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+---
+title: "Brand Name Wallpaper"
+tags: [ "void" ]
+---
+
+To automatically stick the logo onto your background, do these commands in the directory.
+
+Get the void linux logo from wikipedia
+
+```bash
+wget https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Void_Linux_logo.svg/256px-Void_Linux_logo.svg.png?20170131170632
+```
+
+Rename it, and resize it (the standard size is too small for most wallpapers)
+
+```bash
+convert -resize 200% '256px-Void_Linux_logo.svg.png?20170131170632' void-logo.png
+```
+Download a pretty wallpaper
+
+```bash
+wget http://wallpapercave.com/wp/Wlm9Gv0.jpg
+```
+
+Put the void logo on all *jpg and *png images
+
+```bash
+for x in *.jpg
+	do
+	composite -compose multiply -gravity Center void-logo.png "$x" "$x"
+done
+```
+

distros/void/locale.md

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+---
+title: "Void locale"
+tags: [ "void", "locale" ]
+---
+
+Check the current locales:
+
+
+```bash
+locale -a
+```
+
+Add the languages you want by editing `/etc/default/libc-locales`, and uncommenting your choice:
+
+```bash
+#en_DK.UTF-8 UTF-8  
+#en_DK ISO-8859-1  
+en_GB.UTF-8 UTF-8  
+en_GB ISO-8859-1  
+#en_HK.UTF-8 UTF-8  
+#en_HK ISO-8859-1  
+```
+
+Now you can generate what you need for those languages.
+However, instead of generating what you need, you're going to generate everything which needs updating:
+
+
+```bash
+sudo xbps-reconfigure glibc-locales
+```
+
+Finally, select your chosen locale by placing it in `/etc/locale.conf`.
+
+```bash
+echo "LC_ALL=en_GB.UTF-8
+LANG=en_GB.UTF-8
+LANGUAGE=en_GB.UTF-8" > /etc/locale.conf
+
+
+#en_DK.UTF-8 UTF-8  
+#en_DK ISO-8859-1  
+en_GB.UTF-8 UTF-8  
+en_GB ISO-8859-1  
+#en_HK.UTF-8 UTF-8  
+#en_HK ISO-8859-1  
+```
+
+Check your new locales are available:
+
+
+```bash
+locale -a
+```
+

networking/graph-easy.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
-title: "graph-easy"
+title: "Easy Network Graph"
-tags: [ "Documentation" ]
+tags: [ "Documentation", "Networking" ]
 ---
 Set up a file like this, called `troubleshooting.txt`.
 
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ Try placing this in a file:
 
 > [ One ] { fill: seagreen; color: white; } -- label --> [ Two ] { shape: triangle; }
 > 
-> [ One ] => { arrow-style: closed; } [ Three ]
+> [ One ] => { arrow-style: closed; } [ Three ] { border-style: none; }
 > 
 > [ Five ] { fill: maroon; color: yellow; } <=> [ Three ]
 > 
@@ -54,3 +54,15 @@ Try placing this in a file:
 > [ Eight ] .. [ None ] { shape: none; fill: red; color: brown; }
 > 
 > [ no Network ] --> [ Is there an IP address? ]
+
+> [ Little Group: o]
+
+
+```
+echo "( EU [ Madrid ] <---> [ K ] {label: Karlsruhe;}
+    <== ...O\n ..o\n .O\no \nchoo choo  ==> [ Cern ] [ Cern ] <== ...O\n ..o\n .O\no \nchoo choo  ==> [ Paris ] <...> [ B ] {label: Budapest} )
+    [ B ] <---> [ Belgrade ] [ G ] {label: Glasgow; }
+    <==> [ M ] {label: Manchester },
+    [ Madrid ] <---> [ Belgrade ] [ M ] <--> [ London ] <--> [ B ],
+        [ Belgrade ]" | graph-easy  --boxart
+```

networking/pip.md

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
----
-title: "pip"
-tags: [ "Documentation", "Networking" ]
----
-```
-
-Searching does not work.
-
-Install with:
-
-```bash
-pip install [ package ]
-```
-
-Upgrade all packages
-
-```bash
-pip freeze --local | grep -v '^\-e' | cut -d = -f 1  | xargs -n1 pip install -U
-```
-
-# Troubleshooting
-
-You may need a python3 package.
-In this case, try:
-
-```bash
-pip3 install [ package ]

networking/ssh.md

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+---
+title: "ssh"
+tags: [ "networking" ]
+---
+# Basic `ssh`
+
+Try out basic ssh by accessing `git.charm.sh`, without needing authentication:
+
+
+```bash
+ssh git.charm.sh
+```
+
+Start an ssh server to try it out.
+The ssh server is sometimes in a package called `openssh`, and sometimes only in `openssh-server`.
+
+Once it's installed, check it's working:
+
+```bash
+sudo systemctl status ssh
+```
+
+If that doesn't work, the service may be called `sshd`.
+
+```bash
+sudo systemctl status sshd
+```
+
+Then start that service:
+
+```bash
+sudo systemctl start sshd
+```
+Test it works by using ssh into your own system, from inside:
+
+
+```bash
+ssh $USER@localhost
+```
+
+Access the computer from another computer on the same local network by finding your computer's IP address.
+
+
+```bash
+ip address | grep inet
+```
+
+Here is mine:
+
+
+> inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
+> 
+> inet6 ::1/128 scope host noprefixroute
+> 
+> inet 192.168.0.12/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute en
+
+
+The first one starts `127`, which means it returns back to that computer (like `localhost`).
+The second is an ipv6 address, which is too angelic for this world, and has yet to ascend.
+The third will work from a remote computer.
+
+
+```bash
+ssh $USERNAME@IP_ADDRESS
+```
+
+Once you have that, generate some ssh keys:
+
+```bash
+ssh-keygen
+```
+
+Look at your keys:
+
+
+```bash
+ls ~/.ssh
+```
+
+You can share the one ending in `.pub` freely.
+The other is secret.
+
+Now send those keys to a remote computer:
+
+```bash
+ssh-copy-id $USERNAME@IP_ADDRESS
+```
+
+Now you can log in without a password.

networking/transmission.md

@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ If the file is in your home - `~` - but `transmission` is not allowed in your ho
 Next, find the torrent's number.  You can use multiple numbers, separated with a comma:
 
 ```bash
-transmission-remote -t 3,5,8 --move /home/alice/music
+transmission-remote -t 3,5,8 --move $HOME/music
 ```
 
 ## Change Default Location
@@ -136,3 +136,32 @@ Without the `--anonymize` flag, the torrent file output will have a 'created by'
 - udp://explodie.org:6969/announce
 - https://tracker.gbitt.info:443/announce
 - http://tracker.gbitt.info:80/announce
+
+## Verify
+
+Add your torrent and notes its number:
+
+```bash
+transmission-remote -a "$file".torrent
+transmission-remote -l
+transmission-remote -t "$number" -i
+```
+
+The information in the last command shows that it's not verified, so you can verify with `-v`.
+
+```bash
+transmission-remote -t "$number" -v
+```
+
+If transmission cannot find it, then tell it where to find the torrent:
+
+```bash
+transmission-remote -t "$number" --find "$(pwd)"
+```
+...and of course, make sure the permissions allow transmission to see the target.
+
+
+```bash
+ls -ld "$file"
+```
+

networking/website/nginx.md

@@ -93,7 +93,9 @@ apt install python3-certbot-nginx
 ```
 
 ```bash
-certbot --nginx -d *mysite.tk* --non-interactive --agree-tos -m *webmaster@email.tld*
+domain=example.com
+my_email=me@posteo.uk
+certbot --nginx -d "$domain" --non-interactive --agree-tos -m "$my_email"
 ```
 
 When you are asked about redirecting from HTTP to HTTPS, say yes (option "2").

new.sh

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ filePath="$category/$(echo $name | sed 's/ /_/g').md"
 
 tagsList="$(echo \"$category | sed 's#\/#", "#g')\""
 
-[ -e "$filePath" ] && $EDITOR $filePath && exit 0
+[ -e "$filePath" ] && $EDITOR "$filePath" && exit 0
 
 echo "---
 title: \"$name\"

system/bash_tricks.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
-title: "Terminal Tips"
+title: "bash tips"
-tags: [ "Documentation", "System" ]
+tags: [ "Documentation", "Shell", "POSIX" ]
 ---
 ## Track Live Changes
 
@@ -12,6 +12,11 @@ See changes in a directory, as it changes:
 
 `watch -d ls *directory*`
 
+Or use the `-g` flag to exit once the output changes.
+This command will look at whether you're connected to the internet, and turn into a rainbow once the connection hits.
+
+> watch -g ip address && clear && ip address | lolcat
+
 ## Automatic Renaming
 
 There are a bunch of files:
@@ -34,17 +39,19 @@ done
 
 IFS is the field separator.  This is required to denote the different files as marked by a new line, and not the spaces.
 
+(Alternatively, just install `renameutils` and do `rename Column Alice *`)
+
 ## Arguments and Input
 
 The `rm' program takes arguments, but not `stdin' from a keyboard, and therefore programs cannot pipe results into rm.
-
+To fix this, use `xargs` to turn the stdin into an argument.
-That said, we can sometimes pipe into rm with `xargs rm' to turn the stdin into an argument.  For example, if we have a list of files called `list.txt' then we could use cat as so:
+For example, if we have a list of files called `list.txt' then we could use cat as so:
 
 ```bash
 cat list.txt | xargs rm
 ```
 
-... *However*, this wouldn't work if spaces were included, as rm would take everything literally.
+Of course if spaces are included in the file, you would have to account for that.
 
 ## Numbers
 
@@ -60,6 +67,18 @@ Add number to variables with:
 
 `((n--))` works identically.
 
+### POSIX WARNING
+
+The number commands above work in `bash`, but not in bare-ass POSIX shells, such as `dash`.
+
+Instead, you might do:
+
+```sh
+x=2
+x=$(( x +1 ))
+x=$(( x*x ))
+```
+
 ## Finding Duplicate Files
 
 ```bash
@@ -71,3 +90,27 @@ find . -type f -exec md5sum '{}' ';' | sort | uniq --all-repeated=separate -w 15
 ```bash
 cat /dev/urandom | tr -cd [:alnum:] | dd bs=1 count=200 status=none && echo
 ```
+
+## Temporary Working Directory
+
+Try something out in a random directory in `/tmp` so the files will be deleted when you next shut down.
+
+```bash
+mktemp -d
+```
+
+That gives you a random directory to mess about in.
+
+```bash
+   dir=$(mktemp -d)
+   for x in {A..Z}; do
+      fortune > "$dir"/chimpan-$x
+   done
+   cd $dir
+```
+
+### POSIX WARNING
+
+These smart-brackets are a bash feature.
+If you try to use `{A..Z}` in dash, it will think of this as a single item.
+

system/cron.md

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../basics/cron.md

system/deduplicate.md

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+---
+title: "deduplicate"
+tags: [ "system", "deduplicate", "duplicates", "maintenance" ]
+---
+
+`rdfind`: find duplicate files, then delete them, or turn them into links.
+
+Ask if a directory has duplicates (`rdfind` will not delete anything):
+
+```bash
+rdfind $dir
+$EDITOR results.txt
+```
+
+Replace the duplicated files with [hard links](../basics/hard_links.md).
+
+```bash
+rdfind -makehardlinks true $dir
+```

system/fstab.md

@@ -13,11 +13,14 @@ The ordering of `/etc/fstab` is
 5. dump
 6. pass
 
-E.g.:
 
-> UUID=877f14e8-4738-46b0-884f-ba330dad1a7d       /mnt/biggie                     ext4        nofail,rw,relatime      0 2
+*Example:*
-> 
+
-> UUID=B21648C416488AF5 /mnt/share ntfs       nofail,rw,nosuid,nodev,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other,blksize=4096 0 0
+```
+UUID=877f14e8-4738-46b0-884f-ba330dad1a7d       /mnt/biggie                     ext4        nofail,rw,relatime      0 2
+
+UUID=B21648C416488AF5 /mnt/share ntfs       nofail,rw,nosuid,nodev,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other,blksize=4096 0 0
+```
 
 ## 5: Dump
 

system/lf.md

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+---
+title: "lf - The Light File Manager"
+tags: [ "Documentation", "File Browser" ]
+---
+
+## Config File
+
+If you don't have a `~/.config/lf/lfrc` file, you can probably find an example in `/usr/share/examples/lf`.
+
+```bash
+cp -r /usr/share/examples/lf ~/.config/
+```
+
+Go straight to root with two keys.
+
+```bash
+map g/ cd /
+```
+
+Have lf open a file with the default program when you press 'o', using the program `mimeo`.
+
+```bash
+map o &mimeo $f
+```
+
+Change that default text editor to look at the extension first.
+
+```bash
+cmd open ${{
+    case $(file --mime-type $f -b) in
+        application/x-sc) sc-im $fx;;
+        text/html) w3m $fx;;
+        text/*) $EDITOR $fx;;
+        video/*) nohup mpv $fx --really-quiet >/dev/null &;;
+        *) nohup $OPENER $fx >/dev/null &;;
+    esac
+}}
+```
+
+The idea here is to use the default `$OPENER` for lf, but first check extensions.
+Note the extra `mpv` commands to leave the video to play, without blocking the terminal.
+
+### Interesting Options
+
+You can set the screen ratio with
+`set ratios 1:2:3`
+
+That leaves it as a small initial pane, a medium pane, and a large pane for file previews.
+
+### Rename
+ 
+The standard renaming is bad, because you have to re-type the file extension.
+Use this instead:
+
+```bash
+# rename current file without overwrite
+cmd rename %echo 'name: ' ; read name ; extension="${f##*.}" && newname="$name.$extension"; [ "$f" = "$extension" ] && newname="$name"; [ ! -e "$newname" ] && mv "$f" "$newname" || echo file exists
+map r push :rename<enter>
+```
+
+If you try to rename `image_1.png` with this command, you can type in `cats`, and the result will be `cats.png`.
+
+## Image Previews
+
+First, install `ueberzug` (to show images).
+Then clone the lfrun repo.
+
+```bash
+git clone https://github.com/cirala/lfimg.git
+
+cd lfimg
+
+sudo make install
+```
+

system/monitoring.md

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+---
+title: "Monitoring"
+tags: [ "Documentation", "System", "CPU", "Memory" ]
+---
+
+Print the average CPU load over 1 minute, 5 minutes, and 15 minutes:
+
+```bash
+watch -d cat /proc/loadavg
+stress="$(cat /proc/loadavg | awk '{print "Usage:" $2"%"}')"
+```
+
+Show memory usage in Gibitytes.
+
+```bash
+free -g
+```
+Show low and high gigibtye usage on a *l*ine, and repeat the measurement every 5 seconds:
+
+```bash
+REP=5
+free --lohi -g -s $REP | lolcat
+```
+
+Check the next thing cron will do:
+
+```bash
+cronnext /var/spool/cron/$USER -l
+```

system/systemd/journal.md

@@ -2,6 +2,24 @@
 title: "journal"
 tags: [ "Documentation", "systemd" ]
 ---
+
+See a running log of all system messages:
+
+
+```bash
+journalctl -f
+```
+
+Or just one user:
+
+```bash
+journalctl --user -f
+```
+
+Or just one unit (`sshd`):
+
+```bash
+journalctl -f -u sshd
 ```
 
 Find errors since November
@@ -14,3 +32,13 @@ Limit size to 2G.
 
 ```bash
 journalctl --vacuum-size=2G
+```
+
+Log the fact that you've installed your own `dnsmasq` on your system to `journalctl`, so that you can notice why your system's broken:
+
+
+```bash
+logger "Installed new dnsmasq"
+sudo journalctl -f
+```
+

system/vncserver

@@ -1,77 +0,0 @@
-# Ubuntu
-https://linuxconfig.org/vnc-server-on-ubuntu-18-04-bionic-beaver-linux
-
-
-# On server
-
-Enable remote desktop access.
-
-```bash
-sudo apt install vnc4server xfce4 xfce4-goodies
-```
-
-Disable the vncserver desktop:
-
-```bash
-vncserver -kill :1
-```
-
-Replace the config in ~/.vnc/xstartup with:
-
-`#!/bin/bash`
-
-`startxfce4 &`
-
-# Arch
-
-Install tigervnc, then run it to set a password:
-
-```bash
-vncserver
-```
-
-You'll get a session number.
-
-Shut it down with the 'kill' command and the session's number:
-
-```bash
-vncserver -kill :1
-```
-
-This will forward over port 5900+x where x is the session number.  For the first server, that's port 5901.
-
-# Create a systemd service
-
-```bash
-sudo vim /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service
-```
-
-Then enter:
-
-> [Unit]
-> Description=Remote desktop service (VNC)
-> After=syslog.target network.target
-> 
-> [Service]
-> Type=simple
-> User=foo
-> PAMName=login
-> PIDFile=/home/%u/.vnc/%H%i.pid
-> ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'
-> ExecStart=/usr/bin/vncserver %i -geometry 1440x900 -alwaysshared -fg
-> ExecStop=/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i
-> 
-> [Install]
-> WantedBy=multi-user.target
-
-Then enable that service:
-
-```bash
-sudo systemctl start vncserver@:1.service
-```
-
-
-
-
-
-

vim/vim_in_bash.md

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+---
+title: "vim in bash"
+tags: [ "vim", "bash", "inputrc" ]
+---
+
+Put bash in vim mode!
+
+Place the following in your `~/.inputrc`:
+
+```bash
+set editing-mode vi
+set show-mode-in-prompt on
+set vi-ins-mode-string \1\e[33;32m\2[>]=\1\e[0m\2
+set vi-cmd-mode-string \1\e[33;1m\2[?]=\1\e[0m\2
+
+set keymap vi-insert
+RETURN: "\e\n"
+```
+

vision/QR_Codes.md

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+---
+title: "QR Codes"
+tags: [ "Documentation", "qrencode", "zbar" ]
+---
+
+Make a QR Code image:
+
+```bash
+qrencode 'https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.briarproject.briar.android' -o "$FILE".png
+```
+
+Make a QR Coded message in the terminal:
+
+```bash
+qrencode -t ansi "Hello World"
+```
+
+Read a QR Code image:
+
+```bash
+zbarimg $FILE
+```
+
+Show wifi QR code (only with Network Manager):
+
+```bash
+nmcli device wifi show-password
+```

vision/imagemagick.md

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 title: "imagemagick"
 tags: [ "Documentation", "Vision" ]
 ---
-[Source](http://lxlinux.com/imagemagick.html)
 
 Convert jpg to png.
 
@@ -41,13 +40,13 @@ convert image.jpg -resize 25% output.jpg
 
 # Trim images to border
 
-This is generally used for transparrent images.
+This is generally used for transparent images.
 
 ```bash
 convert -trim image.png output.png
 ```
 
-Make the white of an image transparrent.
+Make the white of an image transparent.
 
 ```bash
 convert -transparent white -fuzz 10% input.png output.png
@@ -101,7 +100,7 @@ See your installed fonts:
 convert -list font
 ```
 
-Make na image showing day of the week:
+Make an image showing day of the week:
 
 ```bash
 convert -fill blue -font Sauce-Code-Pro-Semibold-Nerd-Font-Complete-Mono -gravity center -pointsize 79 label:$(date +%A) day.png

vision/lowdown.md

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+---
+title: "Markdown to PDF"
+tags: [ "Documentation", "Markdown", "PDF", "Vision" ]
+---
+
+Turn a markdown file into a pdf:
+
+```bash
+lowdown -stms "$FILE".md | pdfroff -itk -mspdf > "$FILE".pdf
+```
+
+*Example:* put [this Makefile](lowdown/example.txt) in a directory, rename it `Makefile`, then do:
+
+
+```bash
+make example
+make
+```
+
+To give the document a title, put that title in the metadata:
+
+```bash
+sed -i "1 i---" "$FILE".md
+sed -i "1 ititle: $TITLE" "$FILE".md
+sed -i "1 i---" "$FILE".md
+lowdown -L "$FILE".md
+lowdown -X title "$FILE".md
+lowdown -stms "$FILE".md | pdfroff -itk -mspdf > "$FILE".pdf
+```

vision/lowdown/example.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+output: all
+
+.PHONY: example
+example: html/foot.html html/head.html
+	mkdir -p articles/
+	fortune > articles/fort_1.md
+	fortune > articles/fort_2.md
+
+HTML = $(patsubst articles/%.md,public/%.html,$(wildcard articles/*.md))
+
+$(HTML): public/ articles/ $(wildcard html/*)
+
+html/head.html:
+	@mkdir $(@D)
+	echo '<head> Something about CSS probably </head>' > $@
+	echo '<body>' >> $@
+
+html/foot.html: html/head.html
+	echo '</body>' >> $@
+
+public/%.html : articles/%.md
+	cat html/head.html > $@
+	lowdown $< >> $@
+	cat html/foot.html >> $@
+
+.PHONY: all
+all : $(HTML)
+
+articles/:
+	mkdir $@
+
+public/:
+	mkdir $@
+
+clean :
+	rm -rf public

vision/qrencode.md

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
----
-title: "qrencode"
-tags: [ "Documentation", "vision" ]
----
-
-Make a QR Code image:
-
-```bash
-qrencode 'https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.briarproject.briar.android' -o qr_briar.png
-```
-
-Make a QR Coded message in the terminal:
-
-```bash
-qrencode -t ansi "Hello World"
-```
-