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Merge branch 'dev' into vhs

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Malin Freeborn 2025-02-07 19:15:07 +01:00
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36
basics/column.md Normal file
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---
title: "column"
tags: [ "basics", "format", "json" ]
---
Put output into column.
```bash
du -h /etc/* | column
```
Reformat file with an explicit separator (`-s`):
```bash
column -ts: /etc/passwd
```
Give columns names (`-N`), so you can hide some (`-H`):
```bash
column -ts: -N User,PW,UID,GID,Description,Home,shell -H PW,GID /etc/passwd
```
Reorder with `-O` (unspecified items remain):
```bash
column -ts: -N User,PW,UID,GID,Description,Home,shell -H PW,GID -O User,Description,shell /etc/passwd
```
Output to json format with `-J`:
```bash
column -J -ts: -H PW,GID,shell -N User,PW,UID,GID,Description,Home,shell /etc/passwd
```

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---
title: "Recfiles"
tags: [ "data", "database" ]
---
Create a database of board games:
```bash
database=games.rec
touch $database
entry="Name: Vojvodina"
recins --record "$record" $database
```
Create, read, update, and delete:
```bash
for g in Saboter Carcassonne Chess; do
recins -r "Name: $g" -r "Played: yes" $database
done
query=Carc
recsel --quick=Carc $database
recsel -q $query $database
query=sabat
recsel --case-insensitive -q "$query" --print=Name $database
query=chess
recsel -i -q "$query" -p Name $database
new_field=Played
value=no
recset -f "$new_field" --set-add="$value" $database
recsel $database
value=yes
recset -iq $query -f "$new_field" --set=$value $database
recset -f "$new_field" --delete $database
recsel $database
```
- [Extended example](recfiles/extended.md)
# Resources
- [Recfiles for gemini capsules](gemini://tilde.town/~dozens/gemlog/21.gmi)

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---
title: "Recfiles Extended Example"
tags: [ "data", "database", "recfiles" ]
---
## Create
Make a database for your boardgames, specifying only one field and value:
```bash
database=games.rec
n=Name
g=Vojvodina
touch $database
recins -f $n --value $g $database
recsel $database
```
Insert a few more, with the estimated playtime:
```bash
recins -f Name -v Saboter -f Playtime -v 30 $database
recins -f Name -v Chess -f Playtime -v 30 $database
```
View all games, or select one by number:
```bash
recsel $database
recsel -n 0 $database
```
Each game should note whether or not you have played it yet, so you can add that field and set the default to `yes`.
```bash
f=played
v=yes
recset -f $f -a $v $database
```
...but the field is wrong, it should have a capital letter:
```bash
new_field=Played
recset -f $f --rename $new_field
```
## Read
Check how many records the database has:
```bash
recinf $database
```
Look at just the games you've never played:
```bash
recsel --expression="Played = 'no'" $database
```
Print how many, then just print the names:
```bash
recsel -e "Played = 'no'" --count $database
recsel -e "Played = 'no'" --print=Name $database
```
## Update
To change a game's `Played` field from `no` to `yes`, use `recset` to specify the number, and change that field.
```bash
num=0
f=Played
value=yes
recsel --number=$num $database
recset --number=$num -f $f --set=$value $database
```
Find all games with a playtime of `30`, and set the field `Max_Players` to `4`.
```bash
recset -e "Playtime = 40" -f Max_Players --set 50 games.rec
```
This doesn't work, because that field does not exist.
You can `--set-add` the field, to add it wherever it does not exist.
```bash
recset -e "Playtime = 40" -f Max_Players --set-add 50 games.rec
```
## Delete
Remove `Played` record from first game:
```bash
num=0
recset --number=$num -f Played --delete $database
```
You can comment the line instead of deleting it:
```bash
num=1
recset --number=$num -f Played --delete $database
recsel $database
cat $database
```
Delete an entire record:
```bash
num=2
recdel --number=$num $database
```

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---
title: "Maintenance"
tags: [ "arch" ]
---
# Package Cache
Clean the cache of old packages in `/var/cachepacman/pkg/`:
```bash
ls /var/cache/pacman/pkg/ | wc -l
sudo pacman -Sc
ls /var/cache/pacman/pkg/ | wc -l
```
And the same for `yay` (with `-Yc` to remove old dependencies):
```bash
ls ~/.cache/yay/ | wc -l
yay -Sc
yay -Yc
ls ~/.cache/yay/ | wc -l
```
# New Configs
If you chance a configuration file, such as `/etc/environment`, and `pacman` wants to update the file, it will place `/etc/environment.pacnew`.
Check the new files, then look at the difference between the `pacman` version, and your version.
```bash
sudo find /etc/ /var/ /usr/ -name "*.pacnew"
diff /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist*
```
Either,
- Update the files manually,
```bash
sudo -e /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
sudo rm /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist.pacnew
```
Or,
- use a tool like `pacdiff` to view the changes next to each other, and select them with `vim`.
```bash
sudo pacman -S pacman-contrib
sudo pacdiff
```

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---
title: "keyboard"
tags: [ "Documentation", "keyboard", "vim" ]
---
# System-Wide Capslock and Escape Swap
This works everywhere, including in a bare-ass tty.
Select a keymap, and create a new custom map.
```bash
su root
basemap=/usr/share/kbd/keymaps/i386/qwerty/pl1.map.gz
newmap=/usr/share/kbd/keymaps/custom.map.gz
gunzip -c $basemap | \
sed 's/Caps_Lock/\n/g;s/Escape/Caps_Lock/g;s/\n/Escape/g' | \
gzip > $newmap
```
Tell the system to use this keymap at startup by naming it in the `rc.conf` file:
```bash
echo "KEYMAP=$newmap" >> /etc/rc.conf
cat /etc/rc.conf
reboot
```
# Set Layout with X Display
Set layout to British English.
```bash
setxkbmap -layout gb
```
Or Polish with:
```bash
setxkbmap -layout pl
```
| Language | short |
|:--------|:------|
| Polish | pl |
| Serbian | rs |
Set 'alt + shift', as the command which cycles through the British English, Polish and Serbian keyboard layout.
```bash
setxkbmap -layout gb,pl,rs -option grp:alt_shift_toggle
```
## Alt_GR
Remap, e.g., the right Windows key, to Alt_Gr.
```
key <RWIN> {[ ISO_Level3_Shift ]};
```

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---
title: "keyboard"
tags: [ "Documentation", "keyboard" ]
---
# Set Layout with X Display
Set layout to British English.
```bash
setxkbmap -layout gb
```
Or Polish with:
```bash
setxkbmap -layout pl
```
| Language | short |
|:--------|:------|
| Polish | pl |
| Serbian | rs |
Set 'alt + shift', as the command which cycles through the British English, Polish and Serbian keyboard layout.
```bash
setxkbmap -layout gb,pl,rs -option grp:alt_shift_toggle
```
## Alt_GR
Remap, e.g., the right Windows key, to Alt_Gr.
```
key <RWIN> {[ ISO_Level3_Shift ]};
```
# Set TTY Keymap
Copy your keymap, e.g. if it's polish-1, then:
```bash
cp /usr/share/kbd/keymaps/i386/qwerty/pl1.map.gz /usr/share/kbd/keymaps/*custom*.map.gz
```
Then change that map:
```bash
sudo vim /usr/share/kbd/keymaps/custom.map.gz
```
---
You can switch Escape and Caps Lock with a single line:
```bash
sudo sh -c "gunzip -c /usr/share/kbd/keymaps/i386/qwerty/pl1.map.gz | sed 's/ Escape/ PLACEHOLDER/ ; s/Caps_Lock/Escape/g ; s/PLACEHOLDER/Caps_Lock/' | gzip > /usr/share/kbd/keymaps/custom.map.gz"
```
---
Change the default keyboard mapping to the custom map:
```bash
echo 'KEYMAP="/usr/share/kbd/keymaps/*custom*.map.gz"' | sudo tee /etc/vconsole.conf
```
Reboot to have changes take effect.

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☢ ☣ s ☠ ⚠
radioactive sign biohazard sign skull and crossbones warning sign
☤ ⚕ ⚚ †
caduceus staff of aesculapius staff of hermes dagger
☯ ⚖ ☮ ⚘
yin yang scales peace flower
⚔ ☭ ⚒ ⚓
crossed swords hammer and sickle hammer and pick anchor
⚛ ⚜ ⚡ ⚶
atom symbol fleur-de-lis lightning vesta
☥ ✠ ✙ ✞
ankh cross cross cross
✟ ✧ ⋆ ★
cross diamond star star
☆ ✪ ✫ ✬
star star star star
✭ ✮ ✯ ✰
star star star star
≪
☸ ✵ ❂ ☘
wheel of dharma star sun shamrock
♡ ♥ ❤ ⚘
heart heart big heart flower
❀ ❃ ❁ ✼
flower flower flower flower
☀ ✌ ♫ ♪
sun V sign music note / melody music note / melody
☃ ❄ ❅ ❆
snowman snowflake snowflake snowflake
☕ ☂ ❦ ✈
cofee umbrella floral heart / leaf airplane
♕ ♛ ♖ ♜
white king / crown black king / crown white rook / tower black rook / tower
☁ ☾
cloud waning crescent moon