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18 changed files with 680 additions and 24 deletions

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@@ -4,6 +4,12 @@ EDITOR ?= vi
FZF != command -v sk || command -v fzy || command -v fzf || \
{ echo install a fuzzy finder && exit 1 ;}
ifeq "$(FZF)" "/usr/bin/fzy"
FZF += -i
else
FZF += --print-query | cat
endif
spill_contents = sed -e '1,/---/d'
help: .git/info/exclude ## Print the help message
@@ -41,7 +47,7 @@ $(databases): .dbs/%.rec: %/ | .dbs/
# This two-variable read can only happen because of the quotes in the titles.
db.rec: $(databases)
$(warning rebuilding from $? )
$(info rebuilding from $? )
printf '%s\n' '%rec: guide' > $@
printf '%s\n' '%key: title' >> $@
printf '%s\n' '%type: requires rec guide' >> $@
@@ -72,6 +78,7 @@ article: ## Write an article
@path=$$(find $(categories) -type d | sort | uniq | $(FZF)) ;\
read -p "Title: " title ;\
filename="$$(echo "$$title" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]' | tr ' ' '_')" ;\
mkdir -p $$path ;\
printf '%s\n' '---' >> $$path/$$filename.md ;\
printf 'title: "%s"\n' "$$title" >> $$path/$$filename.md ;\
printf 'tags: [ "%s" ]\n' "$$path" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]' | sed 's#\/#", "#g' >> $$path/$$filename.md ;\

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@@ -100,7 +100,13 @@ Try:
- `<Esc>kcw`
- ls -a<Esc>xxxx
Works with `python` too:
Readline can work with python one you set `PYTHON_BASIC_REPL` to `true`.
```sh
echo 'export PYTHON_BASIC_REPL=true' >> ~/.bashrc
exec bash
```
```python
im<C-n>os<Return>

54
data/newsraft.md Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
---
title: "Newsraft"
tags: [ "data", "RSS" ]
requires: [ "Shell Scripts" ]
---
# Setup
Install newsraft, then:
```sh
mkdir ~/.config/newsraft
echo 'https://codeberg.org/newsraft/newsraft.atom "Newsraft git"' >> ~/.config/newsraft/feeds
newsraft
```
# Commands
Copy the default config file:
```
cp /usr/share/doc/newsraft/example/config ~/.config/newsraft/config
```
Add a line to check the man page while inside the program:
```
bind M exec man newsraft
```
This will fail, because the letter 'M' is taken by `mpv`.
Add this line to take the default link, and place it in a list of videos.
```
bind V mark-read; exec echo "%l" >> ~/.cache/vidlist.txt
```
# Videos
You can get an RSS feed from any YouTube video with this script:
```
#!/bin/sh
CHANNEL_ID="$(curl -s "$1" | tr ',' '\n' | grep -Po 'channelId":"\K[\w+-]+' | tail -1)"
FEED_URL="https://www.youtube.com/feeds/videos.xml?channel_id=$CHANNEL_ID"
CHANNEL_NAME="$(curl -s "$FEED_URL" | grep -m 1 -Po 'title\>\K[\w\s]+')"
printf '%s "%s"\n' "$FEED_URL" "$CHANNEL_NAME"
```

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@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ sudo systemctl edit getty@tty1
The put in the following, changing `[ USER ]` to your username.
```
[Service]
ExecStart=
ExecStart=-/usr/bin/agetty --autologin [ USER ] -s %I 115200,38400,9600 vt102
@@ -25,9 +24,22 @@ ExecStart=-/usr/bin/agetty --autologin [ USER ] -s %I 115200,38400,9600 vt102
In `.bashrc`.
```
```sh
if [ -z "$DISPLAY" ] && [ "$(fgconsole)" -eq 1 ]; then
exec startx
fi
```
# Faillock reset
After failing 3 times to enter the password, archlinux would ussualy lock entering the password for 10 minutes, not all apps and guis display this message, so sometimes it can be a bit confusing. To reset this lockdown, you can login as root and restart it manually with command
``` sh
failock --reset
```

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@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
---
title: "basic-install"
title: "Install Arch"
tags: [ "arch" ]
requires: [ "partitions", "time" ]
---

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@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
---
title: "Install yay"
tags: [ "distros", "arch" ]
requirements: [ "pacman" ]
---
```sh
pacman --sync --noconfirm --needed base-devel gcc git
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/yay.git /tmp/yay
makepkg -C !$ -si
```
The flags are mostly the same as in `pacman`.
But running `yay` without flags will do the update like `yay -Syu` and with package name it will search packages in the AUR and `pacman` repos, and let you choose which to install.
```sh
yay <search_term>
```
Building the package can usually take some time, and after the build it will ask for the `sudo` password.
If you leave, the installation will fail.
To avoid this, you can use the flag `--sudoloop` and enter the sudo password initially and it will loop it until the installation is finished.
```sh
yay -S --noconfirm --sudoloop <package_name>
```

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@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
---
title: "Maintenance"
title: "Arch Maintenance"
tags: [ "arch" ]
requirements: [ "pacman" ]
---
# Package Cache
@@ -12,15 +13,6 @@ ls /var/cache/pacman/pkg/ | wc -l
sudo pacman -Sc
ls /var/cache/pacman/pkg/ | wc -l
```
And the same for `yay` (with `-Yc` to remove old dependencies):
```sh
ls ~/.cache/yay/ | wc -l
yay -Sc
yay -Yc
ls ~/.cache/yay/ | wc -l
```
# New Configs
If you chance a configuration file, such as `/etc/environment`, and `pacman` wants to update the file, it will place `/etc/environment.pacnew`.
@@ -41,10 +33,7 @@ sudo -e /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
sudo rm /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist.pacnew
```
Or,
- use a tool like `pacdiff` to view the changes next to each other, and select them with `vim`.
Or use a tool like `pacdiff` to view the changes next to each other, and select them with `vim`.
```sh
sudo pacman -S pacman-contrib

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@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
---
title: "pacman"
tags: [ "distros" ]
requirements: [ "Install Arch" ]
---
Packages are kept in /var/cache/pacman/pkg.
@@ -19,7 +20,9 @@ sudo pacman-key --populate archlinux
And refreshed with:
```sh
sudo pacman-key --refresh-keys
```
If you have usigned keys, you can refresh with:
@@ -48,7 +51,13 @@ sudo pacman -S archlinux-keyring
List all orphaned packages:
```sh
sudo pacman -Qtdq
pacman -Qtdq
```
Removing a package:
```sh
sudo pacman -Rn <package_name>
```
## Cleaning Config Files
@@ -61,3 +70,4 @@ These changes must be merge manually.
Install the `pacdiff` tool to make this easier, from the `pacman-contrib` package, then simply run `sudo pacdiff` to sort through the various mergers.

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@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
---
title: "pacman - Extras"
tags: [ "distros" ]
requirements: [ "pacman" ]
---
## Unattended Actions
```sh
pacman -Syu --noconfirm
```
## `pacman` and `yay` Text Colouring
Getting the colors is done by editing the `/etc/pacman.conf` and uncommenting the line `Color`.
By adding the line `ILoveCandy` you will unlock some terminal animations, like pacman eating dots while installing some package.
## Timid Installations
Want to try out software, but not sure if you want to keep it?
You can tell `pacman` that this is a dependency for another package:
```sh
pacman -S --noconfirm --asdeps <weird music player>
```
When you [remove orphaned packages](pacman.md), the package will be automatically uninstalled.

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@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
---
title: "Arch Maintenance with yay"
tags: [ "arch" ]
requirements: [ "Arch Maintenance" ]
---
# Package Cache
Just like `pacman`
```sh
ls ~/.cache/yay/ | wc -l
yay -Sc
```
Use `-Yc` to remove old dependencies:
```sh
yay -Yc
ls ~/.cache/yay/ | wc -l
```

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@@ -14,12 +14,27 @@ Say 'hello' to yourself:
ansible --module-name=ping localhost
```
Ansible takes a lot of information about each machine during setup:
```sh
TMP=$(mktemp)
ansible --module-name=setup localhost | tee $TMP
less !$
```
If you have `jq`, you can pull out info:
```sh
sed -i 's/.*SUCC.*/{/' $TMP
jq '.ansible_facts.ansible_distribution' < $TMP
```
Upgrade through the package manager.
`packager=apt` (or `pacman` or `xbps`,...)
```sh
packager=apt
packager="$( jq -r '.ansible_facts.ansible_pkg_mgr' < $TMP )"
ansible --module-name=${packager} --args "upgrade=yes" localhost
```
@@ -87,4 +102,8 @@ ansible-inventory --list -y -i
ansible-vault view sec.yml --vault-pass-file pass.sh
```
community.general.say voice=en_GB msg="Testing 123"
Install `espeak', then make the computer say something:
```sh
ansible --module-name=say --args "msg='testing'" localhost
```

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@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
---
title: "Kubernetes Basics"
tags: [ "virtualization", "kubernetes" ]
requires: [ "Kubernetes Setup" ]
---
Install `kubectl`.
> **NB:** Debian requires manual installation.[^kubedeb]
[^kubedeb]: https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/tools/install-kubectl-linux/
# Read
1. Check the namespace: `kubectl get namespaces`
1. Check the `${kube-system}` namespace: `kubectl get deployments.apps --namespace kube-system'
1. Check host computers: `kubectl get nodes`
1. Check pods: `kubectl get pods`
```tree
Namespaces
├── Node_1: minikube
│ ├── deployment_1: nginx
│ │   ├── pod_1
│ │   └── pod_2
│ ├── deployment_2: database
│ │   ├── pod_1
│ │   ├── pod_2
│ │   ├── pod_3
│ │   └── pod_4
│   ├── deployment_3: prometheus
│   └── deployment_4: idk probably yaml
└── Node_1: physical server
├── deployment_1: nginx
│   ├── pod_1
│   └── pod_2
├── deployment_2: database
│   ├── pod_1
│   ├── pod_2
│   ├── pod_3
│   └── pod_4
├── deployment_3: prometheus
└── deployment_4: Abandoned wiki
```
## More Information
```bash
$ kubectl get pod
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
nginx-depl-68c944fcbc-2xbvq 1/1 Running 0 20m
$ kubectl describe pod nginx-depl-68c944fcbc-2xbvq
Name: nginx-depl-68c944fcbc-2xbvq
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
Service Account: default
Node: minikube/192.168.59.107
Start Time: Fri, 29 Aug 2025 19:26:29 +0200
Labels: app=nginx-depl
pod-template-hash=68c944fcbc
Annotations: <none>
Status: Running
IP: 10.244.0.3
IPs:
IP: 10.244.0.3
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/nginx-depl-68c944fcbc
Containers:
nginx:
Container ID: docker://aaa68e90ed9237dc0f98f9a21b0d7ddf3113188c62e72242d30cab4a43cbff98
Image: nginx
Image ID: docker-pullable://nginx@sha256:33e0bbc7ca9ecf108140af6288c7c9d1ecc77548cbfd3952fd8466a75edefe57
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
State: Running
Started: Fri, 29 Aug 2025 19:26:41 +0200
Ready: True
Restart Count: 0
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from kube-api-access-9bgxx (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
PodReadyToStartContainers True
Initialized True
Ready True
ContainersReady True
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
kube-api-access-9bgxx:
Type: Projected (a volume that contains injected data from multiple sources)
TokenExpirationSeconds: 3607
ConfigMapName: kube-root-ca.crt
Optional: false
DownwardAPI: true
QoS Class: BestEffort
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute op=Exists for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute op=Exists for 300s
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Scheduled 24m default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/nginx-depl-68c944fcbc-2xbvq to minikube
Normal Pulling 24m kubelet Pulling image "nginx"
Normal Pulled 24m kubelet Successfully pulled image "nginx" in 11.204s (11.204s including waiting). Image size: 192385800 bytes.
Normal Created 24m kubelet Created container: nginx
Normal Started 24m kubelet Started container nginx
```
Pod copies are called a 'replicaset'.
```bash
$ kubectl exec $POD_NAME -- env
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
HOSTNAME=stupendously-verbose-podish-nomenclature-jvguenaqbz-punenpgref
KUBERNETES_PORT_443_TCP_PORT=443
KUBERNETES_PORT_443_TCP_ADDR=10.96.0.1
KUBERNETES_SERVICE_HOST=10.96.0.1
KUBERNETES_SERVICE_PORT=443
KUBERNETES_SERVICE_PORT_HTTPS=443
KUBERNETES_PORT=tcp://10.96.0.1:443
KUBERNETES_PORT_443_TCP=tcp://10.96.0.1:443
KUBERNETES_PORT_443_TCP_PROTO=tcp
NPM_CONFIG_LOGLEVEL=info
NODE_VERSION=6.3.1
HOME=/root
```
# Create
Create a 'deployment' of `nginx`.
```sh
name="nginx-depl"
kubectl create deployment ${name} --image=nginx
kubectl get deployments
```
The command did not specify a namespace, so `default` is used.
# Update
Update a deployment, with `$EDITOR`.
```sh
kubectl edit deployments.apps ${name}
```
This gives us far too much information:
```yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
annotations:
deployment.kubernetes.io/revision: "1"
[ ... ]
creationTimestamp: "2025-08-29T18:13:45Z"
generation: 3
labels:
app: nginx-depl
name: nginx-depl
namespace: default
resourceVersion: "17696"
uid: 8dec2925-5c34-4635-b82c-ba601cb3bef5
spec:
progressDeadlineSeconds: 600
replicas: 2
revisionHistoryLimit: 10
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx-depl
[ ... ]
observedGeneration: 3
readyReplicas: 2
replicas: 2
updatedReplicas: 2
```
Pull out the information, without an `$EDITOR`:
```sh
file="webstuff"
kubectl get deployment ${name} -o yaml > ${webstuff}.yaml
```
## Enter the Pod
```bash
$ kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
nginx-depl-68c944fcbc-2xbvq 1/1 Running 0 31m
$ pod='nginx-depl-68c944fcbc-2xbvq'
$ kubectl exec -it ${pod} -- bash
root@nginx-depl-68c944fcbc-2xbvq:/# ls
bin dev docker-entrypoint.sh home lib64 mnt proc run srv tmp var
boot docker-entrypoint.d etc lib media opt root sbin sys usr
root@nginx-depl-68c944fcbc-2xbvq:/#
exit
```
# Delete
Delete a deployment, and watch it leave:
```sh
name=nginx-depl
kubectl delete deployments.apps nginx-depl && kubectl get deployments.apps
kubectl get deployments.apps
```

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@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
---
title: "Kubernetes Docs"
tags: [ "virtualization", "kubernetes", "WTFM", "hosts", "DNS" ]
requires: [ "Kubernetes Basics" ]
---
`kubectl` provides easy high-level overviews:
```sh
kubectl config view
kubectl cluster-info
```
Unfortunately, the documentation commands work less well.
# Kube-Explain
The `kubectl explain` resources cannot use tab-completion.
But you can find the same resources listed with `api-resources`, and use a fuzzy-finder, to get the same effect.
```sh
t="$(kubectl api-resources | fzy | gawk '{print $1}')"
kubectl explain ${t}
```
The documentation is in a classic style, which could only be improved by deletion.
Take this fragment from `kubectl explain namespaces`:
```
DESCRIPTION:
Namespace provides a scope for Names. Use of multiple namespaces is
optional.
```
- Sentence 1: A 'name-space' is a space for names.
- Sentence 2: If you create a namespace, you will not receive an error due to not having a second namespace. This is also the case for deployments, variables, and files which begin with the letter 'P', but the writer was being paid per word.
Continuing...
```
metadata <ObjectMeta>
Standard object's metadata. More info:
https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/sig-architecture/api-conventions.md#metadata
```
So a namespace has metadata, which has something in diamond-brackets called `ObjectMeta`.
We should understand this as 'normal metadata for an object', and the author promises us more information.
But only a fool would trust that link, as the author's a hack, without even the flimsy excuse of being left alone with ChatGPT (the docs existed before LLMs became uncool).
Completing this morality tale, entitled '*Why Nobody Reads the Docs*', we arrive at the end of Kubernetes' namespace documentation:
```
status <NamespaceStatus>
Status describes the current status of a Namespace. More info:
https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/sig-architecture/api-conventions.md#spec-and-status
```
Of course this is wrong.
The sentence should read:
```
'Status' describes the current status of a Namespace.
```

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@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
---
title: "Proxy API"
tags: [ "virtualization", "kubernetes" ]
requires: [ "Kubernetes Basics" ]
---
Start the proxy:
```sh
kubectl proxy &
```
Then curl the API server:
```sh
curl http://localhost:8001
```
Create a token:
```sh
export TOKEN=$(kubectl create token default)
kubectl create clusterrole api-access-root \
--verb=get --non-resource-url=/*
kubectl create clusterrolebinding api-access-root \
--clusterrole api-access-root --serviceaccount=default:default
```
Retrieve the API Server endpoint:
```sh
export APISERVER=$(kubectl config view | grep https | \
cut -f 2- -d ":" | tr -d " ")
```
Confirm that the `APISERVER` variable stored the same IP as the Kubernetes control plane IP by issuing the following two commands and comparing their outputs:
```sh
echo $APISERVER
https://192.168.99.100:8443
kubectl cluster-info
```
We can also get the certs straight from the list in `~/.kube/config`.

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@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
---
title: "Kubernetes Setup"
tags: [ "virtualization", "kubernetes", "minikube", "docker" ]
---
# Install `minikube`
Set up a practice environment with `minikube`, using either Docker or VirtualBox.
1. Install the driver (VirtualBox is a good choice).
1. Install `minikube`.
* Debian requires manual installation.[^minideb]
1. Check it works.
The installation takes a long time.
```sh
# driver=docker
driver=virtualbox
minikube start --driver=${driver}
```
## Check `minikube`
Check it's all running:
```sh
minikube kubectl -- get po -A
```
```
NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kube-system coredns-674b8bbfcf-l7582 1/1 Running 0 2m
kube-system etcd-minikube 1/1 Running 0 2m
kube-system kube-apiserver-minikube 1/1 Running 0 2m
kube-system kube-controller-manager-minikube 1/1 Running 0 2m
kube-system kube-proxy-4q977 1/1 Running 0 2m
kube-system kube-scheduler-minikube 1/1 Running 0 2m
kube-system storage-provisioner 1/1 Running 1 (2m ago) 2m
```
# Uninstall `minikube`
```sh
du -sh ~/.minikube
```
Minikube is huge!
```sh
minikube stop
rm -rf ~/.minikube
```
[^minideb]: https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/start/

71
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@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
---
title: "Record a Terminal Session"
tags: [ "vision", "share" ]
---
Record a terminal command, then press 'Control + d' to exit.
```sh
script --timing=time.log stat.txt
ls -a
ls -al
stat ~/.bashrc
^D
```
Replay the session:
```sh
scriptreplay --timing=time.log stat.txt
```
Try a bare command, without any timing:
```sh
script -c 'top | lolcat' loltop
nl loltop
```
Has your terminal messed up?
Is the cursor hiding?
Reset it!
```sh
reset
```
If you can't see any keys, keep typing anyway: have faith in your terminal.
This `loltop` file will not play properly as it has no timings file.
But you can cheat the system and use your other timings file:
```sh
scriptreplay --timing=time.log loltop
```
This will mostly not work well, but it shows how the timing file works:
```text
0.033401 23
0.044513 8
0.000016 219
1.349324 114
0.179106 1
0.088790 1
0.072821 1
0.358337 2
0.000254 9
0.004720 52
0.000084 21
0.155462 671
```
I think it works like this?
| How long it took | to type *n* characters |
|:----------------:|:----------------------:|
| 0.033401 | 23 |
| 0.044513 | 8 |
| 0.000016 | 219 |
| 1.349324 | 114 |

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@@ -51,7 +51,6 @@ Search packages:
```sh
tlmgr search --global epstopdf
```
Can't find what you need?
Search for a specific file instead:
@@ -60,8 +59,16 @@ tlmgr search --global --file epstopdf-base.sty
sudo tlmgr install epstopdf-pkg
```
## Recommended Packages
Check how many unique licences LaTeX packages use:
```sh
tlmgr info --list --json
jq -r '.[].cataloguedata.license' < tex.json | sort | uniq | wc -l
```
Please remember: the world does not need any more licences.
## Recommended Packages
```
latexmk

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@@ -3,6 +3,13 @@ title: "vim basics"
tags: [ "vim", "basic" ]
---
## Instant nano replacement
`vim -y` - will start vim but like other editors like nano, there will be syntax highlighting, etc
Keybind to exit this mode is `Ctrl+q`
## Steps
1. Insert text by pressing `a`.
1. Stop inserting text by pressing `Ctrl+[`.
1. Exit with `ZZ`.