59 lines
1.1 KiB
Markdown
59 lines
1.1 KiB
Markdown
---
|
|
title: Archives
|
|
tags:
|
|
- archives
|
|
- backups
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
# Create
|
|
|
|
Combine many files and directories into a single t-archive file.
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
tar cf "$ARCHIVE".tar $DIR
|
|
```
|
|
You can remember this with the mnemonic '*C*reate *F*ile'.
|
|
|
|
Unfortunately, this stores the full file path, so making a tar archive of `/etc/nginx/` will store `etc/nginx` (without the leading `/`).
|
|
It's often better to tell tar which path to start from using the `-C` flag.
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
tar cf "$ARCHIVE".tar -C /etc/ nginx
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Check the contents of your archive with:
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
tar tf "$ARCHIVE".tar
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
If you want to store 'everything in a directory', then using `*` will not work, because it will target everything in the *current* directory.
|
|
|
|
Instead, you can store the target in a variable:
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
files=$(ls /etc/nginx)
|
|
tar cf "$ARCHIVE".tar -C /etc/nginx/ $file
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
# Extract
|
|
|
|
Extract the tar archive with
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
tar xf "$ARCHIVE".tar
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
You can remember this with the mnemonic 'e*X*tract *F*ile'.
|
|
|
|
# Compress
|
|
|
|
Create a zip-compressed archive with the `z` flag.
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
tar czf "$ARCHIVE".tgz -C /etc/nginx/ $file
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
You can use any file ending you want, but sane people like to use '.tgz' or '.tar.tgz'.
|
|
|